Entecavir hydrate (CAS 209216-23-9) is a compound of significant interest in the pharmaceutical industry, primarily for its therapeutic applications in treating chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. As a leading supplier of pharmaceutical raw materials, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO., LTD. provides in-depth information on this vital API.

Chemically, Entecavir hydrate is a white or almost white powder with a purity of ≥ 99%. Its molecular formula is C12H17N5O4. The compound is classified as a nucleoside analogue, specifically a guanine analogue. Its mechanism of action is crucial to its antiviral efficacy. Entecavir hydrate inhibits the replication of HBV by targeting the virus's polymerase. Once ingested, it undergoes intracellular phosphorylation to become entecavir triphosphate. This active form acts as a competitive inhibitor against the natural substrate, deoxyguanosine triphosphate, for the HBV DNA polymerase. This inhibition affects all three enzymatic activities of the polymerase: initiating HBV polymerase, forming the negative strand of reverse transcription, and synthesizing the positive strand of HBV DNA.

The antiviral activity of Entecavir hydrate has been extensively studied. It demonstrates a potent inhibitory effect on viral DNA synthesis and is effective against lamivudine-resistant strains of HBV. Furthermore, it exhibits a low propensity for developing drug resistance in patients, a critical factor for long-term treatment success. This makes it a preferred choice for managing chronic Hepatitis B. For those seeking to buy Entecavir hydrate from China, ensuring it meets the USP, BP, or EP standards is essential for pharmaceutical use.

The pharmacokinetic profile of Entecavir hydrate is characterized by rapid oral absorption, reaching peak plasma concentrations within 0.5 to 1.5 hours. It has a long terminal elimination half-life of approximately 128-149 hours, allowing for once-daily dosing. While food intake can slightly affect absorption, taking the medication on an empty stomach is generally recommended to maximize its bioavailability. The drug is mainly excreted unchanged through the kidneys, simplifying its metabolic pathway.

In terms of clinical evaluation, Entecavir hydrate has shown remarkable results in treating patients with chronic HBV. Its ability to suppress viral replication effectively contributes to improved liver function and reduced risk of disease progression. Common adverse reactions are typically mild to moderate and comparable to those of other antiviral therapies. However, adjustments in dosage may be necessary for patients with impaired renal function.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO., LTD. is committed to supplying Entecavir hydrate that meets the highest pharmaceutical standards. As a vital raw material, its consistent quality is paramount for drug manufacturing and research. We facilitate access to this essential compound, supporting the development of effective treatments for Hepatitis B and contributing to advancements in antiviral medicine worldwide.