The efficacy of many industrial chemical processes hinges on the quality and precise specifications of their intermediate compounds. 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid, identified by CAS number 96-97-9, is a chemical intermediate of significant importance, particularly in the pharmaceutical and dye industries. A thorough understanding of its synthesis and detailed specifications is essential for manufacturers and researchers alike.

The synthesis of 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid typically involves the nitration of salicylic acid. While various methods exist, they generally focus on introducing a nitro group onto the aromatic ring, specifically at the position para to the hydroxyl group. This process requires careful control of reaction conditions, including temperature, concentration of nitrating agents (often nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid), and reaction time, to ensure regioselectivity and minimize the formation of unwanted isomers, such as 3-nitrosalicylic acid.

Key specifications for 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid are critical for its successful application. These typically include:

  • Appearance: Usually a white to slightly yellow crystalline powder.
  • Purity (Assay): Commonly specified as ≥99.0%, which is vital for applications demanding high precision, such as pharmaceutical synthesis.
  • Melting Point: Generally reported in the range of 228-230°C (lit.), serving as an indicator of purity.
  • Loss on Drying: Typically kept to a minimum, often ≤0.10%, indicating low moisture content.
  • Residue on Ignition: A low percentage, usually ≤0.5%, signifies minimal inorganic impurities.
  • Heavy Metals: Strict limits are usually imposed, often ≤10ppm, especially for pharmaceutical-grade material.

These specifications ensure that 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid performs reliably in its intended applications. For pharmaceutical intermediates, adherence to pharmacopeial standards (like USP, BP, EP) and certifications such as GMP and SGS are often required by buyers. These certifications provide an extra layer of assurance regarding the quality and safety of the manufacturing process.

The primary applications of 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid as an intermediate are well-established. In the pharmaceutical sector, it is a key precursor for Mesalazine, a vital medication for inflammatory bowel conditions. In the dye industry, its structure allows for the synthesis of various colorants used in textiles and other materials. Its versatility also extends to general organic synthesis, where it serves as a valuable building block for creating complex organic molecules.

For industrial procurement, understanding these synthesis routes and specifications is crucial. Companies often source 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid from manufacturers who can provide detailed technical data sheets, Certificates of Analysis (COA), and demonstrate robust quality management systems. The availability of this compound from reputable suppliers, often found in regions like China, ensures that industries can access the necessary materials to drive their production forward.

In summary, 5-Nitrosalicylic Acid (CAS 96-97-9) is a foundational intermediate whose value is underpinned by its well-defined chemical synthesis pathways and stringent specifications. By focusing on these aspects, manufacturers can confidently utilize this compound to produce high-quality pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other fine chemicals.