Benzoyl Chloride, identified by its CAS number 98-88-4, is a compound of considerable interest due to its distinctive chemical reactivity and its role as a fundamental intermediate in organic synthesis. As an acyl chloride, it readily participates in a variety of reactions, making it a valuable tool for chemists across various industries. This article delves into the preparation, reactivity, and application of Benzoyl Chloride, providing insights into its chemical behavior.

The preparation of Benzoyl Chloride can be achieved through several well-established methods. Industrially, it is often synthesized from benzotrichloride by partial hydrolysis. Alternatively, it can be prepared from benzoic acid by reacting it with chlorinating agents like thionyl chloride (SOCl2) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) under anhydrous conditions. These synthesis routes are critical for ensuring the availability of high-purity Benzoyl Chloride for various applications. When companies look to purchase Benzoyl Chloride, the efficiency and purity achieved through these synthesis methods are key considerations.

The chemical reactivity of Benzoyl Chloride is its defining characteristic. As an acyl chloride, it is highly electrophilic at the carbonyl carbon, making it susceptible to nucleophilic attack. Key reactions include:

  • Hydrolysis: Benzoyl Chloride reacts with water to produce benzoic acid and hydrochloric acid. This reaction is vigorous and releases corrosive fumes, highlighting the need for careful handling and storage away from moisture.
  • Alcoholysis: Reaction with alcohols yields esters. For example, reacting Benzoyl Chloride with ethanol produces ethyl benzoate and HCl. This esterification is a common method for synthesizing various benzoate esters.
  • Aminolysis: Reaction with amines forms amides. This reaction is fundamental in peptide synthesis and the creation of various organic nitrogen compounds.
  • Friedel-Crafts Acylation: In the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst like aluminum chloride (AlCl3), Benzoyl Chloride reacts with aromatic compounds to introduce the benzoyl group, forming benzophenones and related ketones.

These reactions showcase the versatility of Benzoyl Chloride as a benzoylating agent. Its ability to readily form esters, amides, and ketones makes it indispensable in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, polymers, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. For instance, its role in producing benzoyl peroxide, a polymerization initiator, is a significant industrial application.

The safety aspects of Benzoyl Chloride are intrinsically linked to its reactivity. Its corrosive nature, particularly in the presence of moisture, means that appropriate protective measures are essential. Manufacturers like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provide detailed chemical information, including safety data sheets, that guide users on its safe handling, storage, and disposal. This ensures that companies looking to buy Benzoyl Chloride can do so with a full understanding of the necessary precautions.

In conclusion, Benzoyl Chloride (CAS 98-88-4) is a compound of significant chemical utility, characterized by its predictable reactivity and its broad applications in synthesis. Understanding its preparation and its diverse reactions is key to leveraging its potential effectively and safely in industrial and research settings.