Benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, commonly known as hemimellitic acid, is a fascinating molecule whose chemical properties are central to its utility as a chemical intermediate. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is pleased to provide insights into the reactivity of this compound, CAS 569-51-7, which is instrumental in various synthetic processes.

The defining feature of benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid is the presence of three carboxylic acid (-COOH) groups attached to the benzene ring at the 1, 2, and 3 positions. This arrangement leads to significant acidity, with reported pKa values of approximately 2.88, 4.75, and 7.13. This polyprotic nature allows it to participate in a range of acid-base reactions and salt formations. Its molecular weight is approximately 210.14 g/mol, and it typically appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder.

The reactivity of hemimellitic acid is primarily dictated by its carboxylic acid functionalities. These groups can undergo esterification with alcohols to form esters, react with amines to form amides, and be converted into acid halides or anhydrides, which are even more reactive intermediates. The proximity of the carboxylic acid groups on the benzene ring can also lead to intramolecular reactions, such as dehydration to form cyclic anhydrides under specific conditions, though this is more common for adjacent groups like in phthalic acid derivatives.

Understanding these chemical properties is essential for chemists looking to buy benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid for specific synthesis goals. For example, its use as a precursor in the synthesis of polymers often involves esterification or polycondensation reactions. The consistent purity of benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, as provided by manufacturers like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., ensures that these reactions proceed efficiently and with predictable outcomes.

The stability of hemimellitic acid under normal storage conditions is another key property that makes it a reliable choice for industrial and research purposes. While it can decompose at high temperatures (melting point around 192-197°C), it remains stable when kept dry and at room temperature. This reliability, combined with a reasonable price for benzene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, solidifies its position as a valuable commodity chemical.