2-Fluoroethanol, identified by CAS number 371-62-0, is a chemical compound with distinct physical and chemical properties that make it a valuable asset in organic synthesis. Understanding these properties is crucial for its effective handling and application in laboratory and industrial settings. From its appearance as a colorless liquid to its specific boiling point and flash point, each characteristic contributes to its utility as a chemical intermediate.

The synthesis of 2-Fluoroethanol involves several methodologies, often starting from readily available precursors. Common routes include halogen exchange reactions or the reduction of fluorinated carboxylic acid derivatives. Optimization of these synthetic pathways is paramount to achieving high yields and purity, essential for its use as a reliable chemical building block. Factors such as temperature control, reagent stoichiometry, and the choice of solvent play critical roles in the success of these syntheses.

Analytical verification of 2-Fluoroethanol's identity and purity is typically achieved through a suite of spectroscopic techniques. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, particularly ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁹F NMR, provides detailed structural information and confirms the presence and position of the fluorine atom. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy helps identify key functional groups like the hydroxyl (-OH) and C-F bonds, while Mass Spectrometry (MS) confirms the molecular weight and provides fragmentation patterns characteristic of the compound. These analytical methods are indispensable for quality control, ensuring that the 2-Fluoroethanol meets the required specifications for its intended applications.

As a chemical intermediate, the specific properties of 2-Fluoroethanol dictate its use in various organic transformations. Its reactivity, influenced by the electronegative fluorine atom, allows for targeted chemical modifications. The ongoing exploration of its applications underscores the importance of comprehending its fundamental chemical nature.