For any chemical intermediate to be effectively utilized, a thorough understanding of its physical and chemical properties is essential. 1-Bromo-7-chloroheptane (CAS: 68105-93-1) is a bifunctional haloalkane that plays a vital role in various synthetic processes. Its properties dictate its handling, storage, and its behavior in chemical reactions, making them critical pieces of information for chemists and researchers.

Physically, 1-bromo-7-chloroheptane presents as a colorless transparent liquid. This appearance is common for many short-to-medium chain haloalkanes. Its density is reported as approximately 1.266 g/cm³, which is typical for halogenated hydrocarbons due to the increased atomic weight of bromine and chlorine compared to hydrogen. The compound has a relatively high boiling point of around 241.662°C at atmospheric pressure, indicating strong intermolecular forces and good thermal stability under normal conditions. Its flash point, noted between 124-984°C, also suggests a degree of thermal stability, although appropriate safety precautions regarding flammability should always be observed.

Chemically, the defining characteristic of 1-bromo-7-chloroheptane is its bifunctional nature. It possesses two halogen atoms, bromine and chlorine, situated at opposite ends of a seven-carbon aliphatic chain. This structure imbues it with distinct reactivity profiles. The carbon-bromine bond is weaker and more polarizable than the carbon-chlorine bond, making the bromine atom a more facile leaving group in nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reactions. This differential reactivity allows chemists to perform regioselective transformations, targeting the bromine atom first, followed by reactions at the chlorine atom under potentially different conditions. This selectivity is fundamental to its use as a building block in complex organic synthesis, enabling the stepwise introduction of various functional groups.

In terms of specifications, high purity is usually a key requirement for this compound. Typical assays are ≥98.0%, ensuring minimal interference from impurities in sensitive synthetic procedures. The moisture content is also kept low, usually ≤0.5%, as water can interfere with many organometallic reactions and nucleophilic substitutions. These properties, combined with its role as an organic synthesis intermediate, make 1-bromo-7-chloroheptane a valuable reagent for applications ranging from pharmaceutical and agrochemical development to the creation of specialty chemicals and advanced materials.

Proper handling and storage are crucial to maintain the integrity of 1-bromo-7-chloroheptane. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place, away from direct heat or light. When working with this compound, it is advisable to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, as with most chemical reagents. Understanding these physical and chemical properties empowers chemists to utilize 1-bromo-7-chloroheptane effectively and safely in their synthetic endeavors.