Nicotinic Acid, chemically known as pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, is an organic compound characterized by a pyridine ring with a carboxyl group at the third position. Its molecular formula is C6H5NO2, and it has a molar mass of approximately 123.11 g/mol. This structure gives Nicotinic Acid its distinctive chemical properties, including its slight acidity due to the carboxyl group and its basicity from the nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring.

The synthesis of Nicotinic Acid is typically achieved through industrial chemical processes. One common method involves the oxidation of 3-methylpyridine (3-picoline) to nicotinic acid. Other routes may utilize the hydrolysis of nicotinonitrile. These synthesis pathways are optimized for yield and purity, ensuring a consistent supply of the compound for its various applications. For instance, the nicotinic acid synthesis process is critical for its availability as a pharmaceutical intermediate and a nutritional supplement.

Physically, Nicotinic Acid appears as white, needle-like crystals or a crystalline powder. It exhibits good solubility in hot water and ethanol, and moderate solubility in cold water. Its melting point is around 236-239°C, and it sublimes upon heating. Understanding these nicotinic acid properties is essential for handling, storage, and formulation. For example, its solubility characteristics influence how it is incorporated into liquid preparations or dissolved for reactions in chemical synthesis.

The reactivity of Nicotinic Acid, particularly its carboxyl group, allows it to form salts, esters, and amides, which are often the basis for its use as an intermediate in creating more complex molecules. This chemical versatility makes it a valuable compound in organic synthesis and a key component in various industries. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides Nicotinic Acid with well-defined chemical characteristics to meet the diverse needs of researchers and manufacturers.