Chlortetracycline Hydrochloride (CAS 64-72-2) is a prominent member of the tetracycline antibiotic family, distinguished by its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. As a chemical compound, its properties are crucial for understanding its efficacy, stability, and application in various fields, from medicine to chemical research. This article explores the fundamental chemical and physical characteristics of chlortetracycline hydrochloride.

The appearance of high-purity chlortetracycline hydrochloride is typically described as a yellow powder. This crystalline solid is moderately soluble in water, with solubility figures often cited around 0.5–0.6 mg/mL at 20°C. The hydrochloride salt form enhances its stability and solubility compared to the free base. Its chemical structure, C22H23ClN2O8, features a complex polycyclic system with multiple hydroxyl groups, a chlorine atom, and a dimethylamino group, which contribute to its biological activity and chemical reactivity.

The synthesis of chlortetracycline hydrochloride involves fermentation processes using the microorganism *Streptomyces aureofaciens*. Following isolation and purification, the compound is converted into its hydrochloride salt form. Understanding the synthesis pathway is vital for manufacturers aiming to produce pharmaceutical-grade material. The purity of the final product, often exceeding 99%, is a critical parameter, and analytical techniques like High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) are routinely employed for quality control.

For researchers and chemists, understanding the stability and handling of chlortetracycline hydrochloride is essential. The compound can be sensitive to light, with prolonged exposure potentially causing color changes and degradation. Storage conditions, typically recommended at 2-8°C or -20°C depending on the specific formulation or research need, are crucial for maintaining its potency. Information on its molecular weight (approximately 515.34 g/mol for the HCl salt) and other physical constants is readily available in scientific literature and supplier datasheets.

The versatility of chlortetracycline hydrochloride powder makes it a valuable reagent. Its ability to chelate metal ions and its interactions with biological macromolecules are subjects of ongoing research. For those looking to buy chlortetracycline hydrochloride for laboratory use or bulk production, identifying suppliers that provide detailed chemical information and consistent product quality is key.

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