At NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., we believe in providing our clients with a deep understanding of the chemicals they work with. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is a prime example of a compound with a fascinating range of properties that make it exceptionally versatile. Understanding polyethylene glycol properties is key to leveraging its full potential across various applications.

At its core, Polyethylene Glycol is a polyether, synthesized through the polymerization of ethylene oxide. Its molecular structure is commonly represented as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH. The critical factor determining PEG's physical state and many of its characteristics is the length of this polymer chain, denoted by 'n'. This means PEG is not a single compound but a family of polymers with varying molecular weights, typically ranging from a few hundred to several million grams per mole.

Lower molecular weight PEGs (e.g., PEG 200, PEG 400) are typically clear, colorless, viscous liquids at room temperature. As the molecular weight increases (e.g., PEG 1000, PEG 4000, PEG 8000), PEG transitions to waxy solids, often appearing as flakes or powders. This variation in physical form is crucial for its diverse applications, from liquid formulations in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics to solid bases for ointments and suppositories.

Key characteristics that define PEG across its range of molecular weights include:

  • Non-toxicity: PEG is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for many applications, particularly in medicine and cosmetics.
  • Water Solubility: It is highly soluble in water and many organic solvents, facilitating its use in aqueous solutions and formulations.
  • Inertness: PEG is chemically stable and does not readily react with most substances, making it a good carrier or base.
  • Odorless and Colorless: This makes it desirable for use in products where aesthetic neutrality is important.
  • Hygroscopic Nature: Lower molecular weight PEGs tend to absorb moisture from the air, a property leveraged in humectant applications.

The understanding of what is polyethylene glycol extends to its role as an excipient in pharmaceuticals, a moisturizer in cosmetics, a lubricant in industrial settings, and even as a preservative for historical artifacts. The ability to tailor its properties by controlling molecular weight makes it an invaluable chemical building block. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides a comprehensive range of PEG grades, ensuring that manufacturers have access to the precise materials needed for their specific product development and manufacturing processes.