Concanavalin A (Con A), identified by CAS number 11028-71-0, is a lectin protein that has garnered significant attention in scientific research due to its specific carbohydrate-binding properties and biological activities. Originating from the seeds of Canavalia ensiformis, this protein serves as a crucial reagent in various analytical and experimental procedures. This article aims to provide an in-depth look at the properties of Concanavalin A, guiding researchers on its optimal utilization.

The physical form of Concanavalin A is typically a white powder. Its solubility characteristics are important for experimental design. Con A exhibits slight solubility in water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), with a typical concentration of 5 mg/mL in PBS often resulting in a slightly hazy solution. Researchers must carefully consider these solubility parameters when preparing working solutions, as inconsistent dissolution can affect experimental outcomes. Maintaining the integrity of the protein is paramount, and proper preparation is key to achieving reliable results when using Concanavalin A.

The storage conditions for Concanavalin A are critical for preserving its biological activity. It is generally recommended to store the lyophilized powder at -20°C. When preparing solutions, it is advisable to make them fresh for each use to avoid potential precipitation or degradation. This careful handling ensures that the Concanavalin A maintains its efficacy for applications such as T-cell activation and binding assays. Understanding these nuances of Concanavalin A storage is vital for researchers aiming for reproducible experiments.

Concanavalin A's biological relevance stems from its ability to bind to specific sugar moieties, particularly α-D-mannose and α-D-glucose. This affinity makes it a valuable tool for affinity chromatography, used in the purification of glycoproteins. Its role as a T-cell mitogen further expands its utility in immunological research, enabling the study of lymphocyte activation and response. Researchers frequently seek to purchase Concanavalin A for these specific applications, relying on its consistent performance and well-documented properties.

The chemical properties of Concanavalin A are also noteworthy. At neutral pH, it exists as a homotetramer, while acidic conditions can lead to the formation of dimeric structures. This pH-dependent structural change influences its binding characteristics. Understanding these Concanavalin A properties allows researchers to fine-tune experimental conditions for specific assays, such as those involving differential binding affinities. The meticulous attention to detail in handling and preparing Concanavalin A ensures its effectiveness in diverse research settings.

In summary, Concanavalin A (CAS 11028-71-0) is a powerful biochemical reagent characterized by its powder form, specific solubility, and crucial storage requirements. Its extensive applications in immunology, cell biology, and glycobiology, driven by its unique binding properties, solidify its position as an essential component in many research laboratories. By adhering to best practices in preparation and storage, scientists can effectively leverage the capabilities of Concanavalin A for groundbreaking discoveries.