Understanding the fundamental properties and synthesis of key chemical intermediates is vital for their effective application in industry. 3-Aminophenol (CAS: 591-27-5) is a prime example, serving as a versatile building block with significant utility in sectors ranging from cosmetics to pharmaceuticals. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides high-quality 3-Aminophenol, and this article aims to illuminate its characteristic properties and common synthesis pathways.

Physically, 3-Aminophenol is typically observed as an off-white crystalline powder. Its chemical formula is C6H7NO, and it has a molecular weight of approximately 109.13 g/mol. Key physical properties include a melting point generally falling within the range of 119-123°C, and a boiling point around 164°C at reduced pressure (though it can decompose at higher temperatures). These physical characteristics are important for storage, handling, and process design. The density is around 0.99, and the flash point is approximately 155°C, indicating it is a combustible solid requiring standard precautions against ignition sources.

Chemically, 3-Aminophenol is an aromatic amine and a phenol derivative. This dual functionality—possessing both an amino (-NH2) and a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to a benzene ring in a meta (1,3) position—grants it significant reactivity. It can undergo reactions typical of amines, such as acylation and diazotization, and reactions characteristic of phenols, such as etherification and esterification. This reactivity is precisely why it is so valuable as an intermediate, enabling its transformation into more complex molecules for various applications like hair dyes, pharmaceuticals, and azo dyes.

The synthesis of 3-Aminophenol often involves multi-step processes. Historically, a common route involved the sulfonation of nitrobenzene to form m-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, followed by the reduction of the nitro group to yield m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid. This acid is then subjected to caustic fusion, a process that replaces the sulfonic acid group with a hydroxyl group, yielding m-aminophenol. While this method has been commercially employed, ongoing research and process optimization continually seek more efficient and environmentally friendly synthesis routes. The pursuit of higher purity and yield is a constant objective in its manufacturing.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. focuses on delivering 3-Aminophenol that meets stringent purity standards, often exceeding 99.0% as determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This high purity is crucial for its demanding applications, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry where even trace impurities can have significant consequences. The quality control measures employed ensure that the material supplied is consistent and reliable for all industrial uses.

In summary, 3-Aminophenol is a chemical of significant industrial importance due to its unique properties and reactivity. Its synthesis, while intricate, yields a compound that is indispensable for creating vibrant hair colors, essential pharmaceuticals, and a wide array of dyes. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to providing this critical intermediate with the quality and consistency that modern industries demand.