Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are at the cutting edge of renewable energy, promising high efficiencies and cost-effectiveness. Among the various perovskite compositions, tin-based perovskites (Sn-based PSCs) offer a compelling advantage: reduced toxicity compared to their lead-based counterparts. However, their widespread adoption has been hindered by challenges such as rapid crystallization and the presence of numerous defects that compromise performance and stability. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides Isopropylamine Hydrobromide (CAS No.: 29552-58-7), a critical material that addresses these issues through sophisticated defect passivation strategies, thereby enhancing the viability of Sn-based PSCs.

The core challenge with tin-halide perovskites lies in their fast crystallization kinetics. This rapid growth often results in less-than-ideal film morphology, characterized by a higher density of grain boundaries and surface defects. These imperfections act as traps for photogenerated charge carriers, leading to recombination and a significant loss of the potential energy that could be converted into electricity. Isopropylamine Hydrobromide is a key additive used in the perovskite precursor solution to manage this process. Its inclusion helps to control the crystallization rate, promoting the formation of more uniform and denser perovskite films.

The scientific principle at play is defect passivation. The propylamine cation, owing to its larger molecular size, does not readily integrate into the perovskite crystal lattice. Instead, it preferentially migrates to the grain boundaries and surfaces of the perovskite film during its formation. Once at these locations, it effectively neutralizes the dangling bonds and other defect states that would otherwise facilitate charge recombination. By reducing these recombination pathways, Isopropylamine Hydrobromide ensures that more charge carriers can be extracted, leading to a notable increase in the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and an overall improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell.

Moreover, the passivation effect of Isopropylamine Hydrobromide contributes significantly to the long-term stability of the perovskite solar cells. By reducing the density of defect sites, it minimizes the propensity for degradation mechanisms to initiate. This leads to devices that can operate reliably for longer periods. The additive has also been shown to mitigate hysteresis, a phenomenon that can affect performance predictability. For entities involved in the research, development, and manufacturing of next-generation solar technologies, sourcing high-quality Isopropylamine Hydrobromide from NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is a strategic choice for achieving superior performance and enhanced durability in tin-based perovskite solar cells. We are committed to providing the essential chemical components that drive innovation in sustainable energy.