Diethyleneglycol Diformate (CAS 120570-77-6) is a chemical compound whose toxicological profile is largely understood through its metabolic breakdown products, primarily diethylene glycol (DEG) and formic acid. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for safe handling and risk assessment. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides an overview of its toxicology.

The primary route through which Diethyleneglycol Diformate exerts toxicity is via hydrolysis, catalyzed by esterases in the body. This process releases diethylene glycol and formic acid. While formic acid is readily metabolized, the toxicity of diethylene glycol is well-documented and is primarily attributed to its metabolites, 2-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid (HEAA) and diglycolic acid (DGA). These acidic metabolites accumulate in the body, particularly in the kidneys.

The mechanism of diethylene glycol toxicity involves the disruption of cellular functions, especially within the kidney. Diglycolic acid, the key toxic metabolite, impairs mitochondrial respiration by inhibiting electron transport chain complexes. This leads to a depletion of cellular ATP, an energy crisis within the cells, and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress. This cellular damage, coupled with metabolic acidosis caused by the accumulation of acidic metabolites, ultimately leads to necrosis, particularly in the renal tubules.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. emphasizes that while Diethyleneglycol Diformate itself is an intermediate, its toxicological implications are intrinsically linked to the known hazards of diethylene glycol. Therefore, understanding the metabolic pathway from Diethyleneglycol Diformate to DEG and then to its toxic metabolites is essential for a comprehensive risk assessment. Safe handling practices, including adequate ventilation and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment, are paramount to minimize exposure risks in industrial settings.