The intricate biological processes involving cell adhesion and migration are often mediated by integrins, a class of cell surface receptors. Research into targeting these receptors, particularly for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, is a burgeoning field. Fmoc-4-Nitro-L-Phenylalanine, a specialized amino acid derivative, plays a critical role in this research by serving as a key component in the synthesis of potent integrin antagonists.

Fmoc-4-Nitro-L-Phenylalanine (Fmoc-Phe(4-NO2)-OH) is defined by its Chemical Name: N-Fmoc-4-Nitro-L-Phenylalanine, and its CAS No.: 95753-55-2. Its Molecular Formula is C24H20N2O6, with a Molecular Weight of 432.43 g/mol. It is typically supplied as a high-purity (≥98%) white to off-white powder, ensuring consistency and reliability in complex chemical syntheses. For optimal storage, it should be kept at 2-8°C in a tightly sealed container.

The significance of Fmoc-4-Nitro-L-Phenylalanine in integrin research is primarily tied to its use as an intermediate in the synthesis of VLA-4 (very late antigen-4) integrin antagonists. VLA-4 is a key mediator of leukocyte adhesion and trafficking, and its antagonists are pursued as therapeutic agents for conditions like multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and asthma. The nitro group on the phenylalanine residue provides a point of modification or a spectroscopic tag, while the Fmoc group ensures compatibility with standard solid-phase peptide synthesis protocols.

By enabling the synthesis of specific squaric acid derivatives and other molecular structures designed to bind to VLA-4 integrins, Fmoc-4-Nitro-L-Phenylalanine directly contributes to the development of potential new drugs. Its utility is not limited to this area; it also serves as a building block for analogs of kahalalide F and can be incorporated into peptides for use as IR probes or FRET quenchers, providing valuable tools for studying peptide structure and function in a biological context. This dual role as a synthetic intermediate and a functional component highlights its versatility.

Access to reliable sources of high-quality amino acid derivatives such as Fmoc-4-Nitro-L-Phenylalanine, often provided by specialized suppliers like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., is crucial for advancing research in integrin antagonism and related therapeutic areas. The compound empowers scientists to design and synthesize molecules with the precision required to effectively modulate complex biological pathways, paving the way for new medical treatments.