The creation of modern pharmaceuticals is a marvel of complex chemistry, and at the heart of many such processes lie meticulously crafted chemical intermediates. (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid, a compound identified by its CAS number 3347-90-8, is a prime example of such a foundational molecule. Its journey from its chemical synthesis to its critical role as an intermediate, particularly in the production of the cancer therapeutic Idelalisib, highlights the precision and importance of chiral chemistry in drug development.

The story of (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid begins with its synthesis, aiming for high purity and, crucially, specific enantiomeric form. Known chemically as (2S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid, this molecule possesses a chiral center that dictates its biological activity in downstream applications. Manufacturers strive to achieve an assay of ≥98.0% and a high enantiomeric excess, often employing specialized chiral synthesis techniques. The physical appearance of (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid as an off-white to light yellow crystalline powder is a result of these controlled manufacturing processes. Its physical and chemical properties, including a melting point of 50-54°C and a molecular formula of C4H8O3, are well-documented and critical for process design.

The most significant application of (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid is as a key intermediate in the synthesis of Idelalisib. Idelalisib is a targeted therapy that inhibits the PI3Kδ pathway, crucial for the growth of certain B-cell malignancies. The precise stereochemistry of the (S)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxybutanoic acid is vital for the correct folding and interaction of Idelalisib with its biological target. This makes reliable sourcing of this intermediate, meaning the ability to buy (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid from trusted S-2-hydroxybutanoic acid manufacturers, an essential step for pharmaceutical companies. The synthesis of Idelalisib often involves coupling this intermediate through carefully controlled chemical reactions to build the final complex drug structure.

Beyond Idelalisib, the inherent chirality of (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid makes it a valuable building block for other potential pharmaceutical candidates and fine chemicals. Its functional groups—a hydroxyl and a carboxyl group—allow for a wide range of chemical transformations. For researchers and developers, having access to this specific chiral acid facilitates the exploration of new chemical entities with potentially novel therapeutic applications. The availability of (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid in suitable packaging, such as 25 kg drums, ensures that it can be readily incorporated into both laboratory-scale research and industrial-scale production.

Ultimately, the journey of (S)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid underscores the indispensable link between advanced chemical synthesis and modern medicine. Its successful production and application are a testament to the precision required in pharmaceutical manufacturing, ensuring that critical drugs like Idelalisib can be brought to patients who need them.