At NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., we are dedicated to providing in-depth information on the chemical compounds that drive innovation in pharmaceutical research and development. Today, we focus on Nelarabine (CAS 121032-29-9), a significant purine nucleoside analog with profound implications in oncology.

Nelarabine, chemically known as 2-amino-9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-6-methoxy-9H-purine, possesses a molecular formula of C11H15N5O5 and a molecular weight of 297.27 g/mol. Its structure is a derivative of guanosine, featuring an arabinose sugar moiety instead of a ribose sugar. This subtle structural difference is key to its biological activity. It is classified as a prodrug, meaning it is administered in an inactive form and is converted into its active metabolite within the body. The primary metabolic pathway involves demethylation by adenosine deaminase to yield 9-β-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G). This active form is then further processed intracellularly through phosphorylation by deoxyguanosine kinase and deoxycytidine kinase to produce ara-GTP.

The therapeutic significance of Nelarabine lies in its potent antineoplastic activity. Ara-GTP, the active metabolite, acts as an antimetabolite that interferes with DNA synthesis. It is incorporated into the DNA strand, leading to chain termination and inhibition of DNA replication. This disruption of DNA synthesis triggers an S-phase dependent apoptosis in cancer cells, particularly those with a high proliferation rate, such as T-cells. This mechanism is the basis for its use in treating certain hematologic malignancies.

Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of Nelarabine in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) that have shown resistance to or relapsed after conventional chemotherapy. Its ability to selectively target T-cells makes it a valuable agent in specific therapeutic contexts. The consistent supply of high-quality Nelarabine is essential for both clinical treatments and ongoing research to explore its full therapeutic potential, including potential applications in combination therapies or for other hematologic disorders.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to supporting the scientific community by ensuring the availability of essential pharmaceutical intermediates like Nelarabine. Our rigorous quality control measures guarantee the purity and consistency required for research and development, enabling scientists to advance their studies and develop new therapeutic strategies. Understanding the intricate chemical properties and the precise mechanism of action of Nelarabine empowers researchers to harness its full potential in the fight against cancer.