Tetramethylammonium Iodide (TMAI), also known as N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium iodide, is a chemical compound with the formula C4H12IN and CAS number 75-58-1. As a product provided by NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO., LTD., understanding its fundamental properties is crucial for its effective use in various scientific and industrial applications. This article explores the core scientific aspects of TMAI, including its characteristics, handling, and storage.

At its core, TMAI is a quaternary ammonium salt. This means it consists of a positively charged nitrogen atom bonded to four alkyl groups (in this case, four methyl groups), with a negatively charged iodide counterion. This ionic structure dictates many of its properties. TMAI typically appears as a white crystalline powder. Its molecular weight is approximately 201.049 g/mol, with an exact mass of 201.001434. A significant characteristic is its high melting point, reported to be above 300°C, indicating a stable crystalline lattice. However, TMAI is also noted for being sensitive to light and hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air. These sensitivities are critical considerations for both manufacturers and end-users. To maintain its chemical integrity and purity (often specified as 99% assay), TMAI must be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place, protected from light and moisture, ideally in tightly sealed containers.

The compound's solubility profile is also noteworthy. It is described as sparingly soluble in water, which is a key attribute for its prominent application as a phase transfer catalyst (PTC). In PTC, the quaternary ammonium cation helps to solubilize ionic reactants in organic solvents by forming an ion pair. This mechanism allows for the efficient transfer of reactants between immiscible aqueous and organic phases, thereby enabling or accelerating chemical reactions. This is particularly important in organic synthesis, where TMAI can facilitate reactions like alkylations, nucleophilic substitutions, and other transformations that require the movement of anionic species across phase boundaries.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO., LTD. manufactures and supplies TMAI as part of its extensive portfolio of quaternary ammonium salts. The company ensures that the product is packaged with appropriate care, typically in 25 kg drums, to protect it from environmental factors. End-users are advised to adhere to recommended handling procedures, such as avoiding prolonged exposure to air and ensuring containers are properly sealed after use. This attention to detail ensures that the chemical maintains its specified purity and performance characteristics for its intended applications, which can range from laboratory research to large-scale industrial chemical processes.

In summary, Tetramethylammonium Iodide is a chemically stable compound with specific vulnerabilities to light and moisture. Its crystalline nature, high melting point, and solubility characteristics, particularly its efficacy as a phase transfer catalyst, make it a valuable reagent. Adherence to proper scientific handling and storage practices, as guided by suppliers like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO., LTD., is essential for harnessing the full potential of TMAI in chemical synthesis and manufacturing.