Calcium hydroxide, chemically represented as Ca(OH)₂ and commonly known as slaked lime or hydrated lime, is a fascinating inorganic compound with significant chemical properties that underpin its widespread industrial use. Formed through the hydration of calcium oxide (quicklime), this white powder (CAS 1305-62-0) is characterized by its strong alkalinity and moderate solubility in water, forming a solution known as limewater. Understanding its chemical behavior is key to leveraging its capabilities effectively. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., a premier chemical manufacturer in China, ensures the high purity of this essential compound.

The formation of calcium hydroxide is a simple yet crucial process: calcium oxide reacts exothermically with water in a process called slaking. The reaction is: CaO (s) + H₂O (l) → Ca(OH)₂ (s). This reaction releases heat and results in the formation of a fine white powder. Its solubility in water is limited, approximately 1.7 g/L at 20°C, but the resulting solution is highly alkaline, with a pH typically around 12.4. This alkalinity is the basis for many of its applications, particularly in neutralization reactions.

One of the most common reactions involving calcium hydroxide is acid neutralization. As a base, it readily reacts with acids to form salt and water. For example, in the neutralization of hydrochloric acid: 2HCl (aq) + Ca(OH)₂ (aq) → CaCl₂ (aq) + 2H₂O (l). This property is fundamental to its use in water treatment, wastewater management, and various industrial chemical processes where pH control is necessary. The ability to buy calcium hydroxide in bulk makes it an economical choice for large-scale neutralization tasks.

Calcium hydroxide also participates in precipitation reactions, particularly relevant in water softening and the removal of certain ions. For instance, it reacts with dissolved calcium bicarbonate to form insoluble calcium carbonate, thereby reducing water hardness. It is also used to precipitate fluorides and heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The thermal decomposition of calcium hydroxide at high temperatures regenerates calcium oxide: Ca(OH)₂ (s) → CaO (s) + H₂O (g) at temperatures above 580°C, where it melts.

While calcium hydroxide is a valuable chemical, it is essential to handle it with care. Due to its caustic nature, direct contact with skin, eyes, and respiratory tracts should be avoided. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, eye protection, and respiratory masks, is recommended when handling the powder. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides detailed safety data sheets (SDS) to guide safe handling and storage practices for calcium hydroxide.

The chemistry of calcium hydroxide makes it a vital compound across many industries. Its formation, reactivity, and handling requirements are critical knowledge for anyone utilizing this versatile chemical. As a reliable supplier, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to delivering high-quality calcium hydroxide and supporting customers with the necessary information for its effective and safe application.