At NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., we understand that selecting the correct grade of polyacrylamide (PAM) is fundamental to achieving optimal performance in your specific application. PAM is not a one-size-fits-all chemical; its effectiveness is highly dependent on its properties, primarily its molecular weight and ionic charge.

Polyacrylamide polymers are broadly categorized into three main types based on their ionic charge:

1. Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): APAM has a negative charge along its polymer chain, typically achieved through hydrolysis of amide groups to carboxylate groups. Its primary function is as a flocculant, especially effective in treating water with positively charged suspended particles, such as in industrial wastewater or mineral slurries. Its strong flocculating power aids in sedimentation and clarification. For example, in paper making, APAM can act as a retention aid and a dispersing agent.

2. Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM): CPAM carries a positive charge, introduced through the incorporation of cationic monomers during polymerization. This positive charge makes it highly effective in interacting with negatively charged substrates. CPAM is extensively used in sludge dewatering, where it neutralizes the negative charges on sludge particles, causing them to aggregate and release water more readily. In papermaking, CPAM serves as a retention aid, dry strength enhancer, and can improve drainage. It's also used in wastewater treatment, particularly for municipal sewage and sludges with high organic content.

3. Non-ionic Polyacrylamide (NPAM): NPAM has a neutral charge, meaning it contains predominantly amide groups with minimal to no ionic charge. It is often used as a thickening agent, a dispersant, and in applications where ionic interactions are not the primary mechanism of action. In papermaking, NPAM can function as a retention aid and drainage aid, improving pulp processing and paper formation.

Beyond the ionic charge, Molecular Weight is a critical parameter. Higher molecular weight PAM generally leads to stronger flocculation and better viscosity, making it suitable for applications requiring effective binding and thickening. Conversely, lower molecular weights might be preferred for specific dispersion or friction reduction needs. The Degree of Hydrolysis (for APAM) or Ionic Charge Density (for CPAM) also significantly influences the polymer's interaction with different substrates and its overall performance. For instance, a higher ionic charge density in CPAM often results in more effective sludge dewatering.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. offers a comprehensive portfolio of polyacrylamide grades, each meticulously engineered with specific molecular weights and ionic characteristics. Our technical support team is available to guide you in selecting the ideal PAM product that aligns with your application's unique requirements, ensuring optimal results and efficiency.