NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to providing not just chemicals, but also a deeper understanding of their applications. Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a remarkable polymer, and its efficacy in water purification hinges on the scientific principles of flocculation. Understanding how PAM enhances water purification unlocks its true value.

Water, especially industrial wastewater, often contains fine suspended particles that are too small to settle quickly. These particles carry surface charges, which cause them to repel each other, maintaining their dispersed state. This is where flocculants like PAM come into play. The core mechanism involves two primary steps: coagulation and flocculation.

When PAM is added to water, its long polymer chains begin to interact with the suspended particles. There are several ways this interaction occurs:

  • Charge Neutralization: If the PAM is ionic (anionic or cationic), it can neutralize the surface charges of the suspended particles. For example, cationic PAM can neutralize negatively charged particles, reducing repulsion and allowing them to approach each other.
  • Adsorption and Bridging: PAM molecules, especially high molecular weight ones, have numerous functional groups along their chains. These groups can adsorb onto the surface of multiple particles. As more PAM molecules attach to different particles, they effectively create bridges between them. This is a primary mechanism for both anionic polyacrylamide for industrial wastewater and other PAM types.
  • Sweep Flocculation: When used in conjunction with inorganic coagulants (like aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride), PAM can enhance the formation of larger, amorphous precipitates (metal hydroxides). PAM then aids in trapping the suspended particles within these larger flocs, effectively sweeping them out of the water.

The result of these interactions is the formation of larger, heavier aggregates known as flocs. These flocs are much easier to remove from the water through sedimentation or filtration than the original fine particles. The efficiency of this process is influenced by factors such as PAM dosage, molecular weight, and water conditions like pH and temperature. Correct polyacrylamide dosage determination is therefore crucial for achieving optimal floc formation.

The enhanced solid-liquid separation achieved through PAM-assisted flocculation is critical for a range of applications, including industrial water treatment, sludge dewatering, and processes like sand washing. The ability to quickly and effectively remove impurities makes PAM a cornerstone in modern water management.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. prides itself on offering high-quality PAM products that are engineered for superior flocculation performance. Our technical team is available to provide guidance on the selection and application of the appropriate PAM type and dosage to ensure the most efficient water purification for your specific needs.