The Science Behind Polyaluminium Chloride: How it Purifies Water
At NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., we believe in empowering our clients with knowledge about the products they use. Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) is a highly effective coagulant, and understanding the science behind its purification capabilities can enhance its application. The efficacy of polyaluminium chloride water treatment stems from its complex chemical composition and interaction with impurities in water.
PAC is an inorganic polymer coagulant, characterized by its pre-polymerized aluminum species. Unlike simple aluminum salts like Aluminum Sulfate, PAC contains a range of poly-nuclear aluminum cations with higher positive charges. These species are created during the manufacturing process, often involving the controlled hydrolysis of aluminum salts. This structural complexity is key to its superior performance.
The primary mechanism of coagulation by PAC involves two main processes: charge neutralization and sweep flocculation. Firstly, the positively charged poly-nuclear aluminum species in PAC attract and neutralize the negative surface charges of suspended particles (like clay, silt, and organic matter) in the water. This destabilizes the particles, preventing them from repelling each other.
Secondly, as the PAC dosage increases, the concentration of aluminum species becomes high enough to form aluminum hydroxide precipitates. These precipitates entrap the destabilized particles in a voluminous, gelatinous mass, a process known as sweep flocculation. The resulting flocs are large, dense, and settle rapidly, effectively clarifying the water. This explains the effectiveness of polyaluminium chloride water treatment in removing even very fine suspended solids.
The efficiency of polyaluminium chloride water treatment is also influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, and the nature of the contaminants. Our yellow powder 29% PAC is formulated to provide optimal performance in a wide range of conditions. As a dedicated polyaluminium chloride manufacturer, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. ensures that the production process yields a product with the ideal balance of these poly-nuclear aluminum species, maximizing its purifying capabilities.
Perspectives & Insights
Molecule Vision 7
“Firstly, the positively charged poly-nuclear aluminum species in PAC attract and neutralize the negative surface charges of suspended particles (like clay, silt, and organic matter) in the water.”
Alpha Origin 24
“Secondly, as the PAC dosage increases, the concentration of aluminum species becomes high enough to form aluminum hydroxide precipitates.”
Future Analyst X
“These precipitates entrap the destabilized particles in a voluminous, gelatinous mass, a process known as sweep flocculation.”