Nonanoic acid, identified by its CAS number 112-05-0 and commonly referred to as pelargonic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a molecular formula of C9H18O2. A thorough understanding of its properties is fundamental for its effective application across various industries. From its physical appearance to its chemical reactivity, these characteristics dictate its utility and handling requirements.

Physically, nonanoic acid presents as a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid. It possesses a characteristic odor that is often described as fatty or slightly rancid. While it is nearly insoluble in water, it exhibits good solubility in common organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform. This solubility profile is critical for its use in formulations and synthesis reactions.

The chemical properties of nonanoic acid are also noteworthy. It is a carboxylic acid, meaning it contains a carboxyl group (-COOH) which dictates its acidic nature. Its pKa value is around 4.96, indicating it is a weak acid. The purity of nonanoic acid is often specified by assay, with grades typically ranging from 90% to over 98% purity, sometimes distinguished by whether they are derived from natural or synthetic sources. Key specifications also include parameters like acid value, iodine value, and color (APHA), which are important for quality control in industrial applications.

When considering nonanoic acid properties for specific applications, such as its role in organic synthesis or as a precursor for lubricants, these detailed specifications are crucial. Manufacturers like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provide detailed technical data sheets and certificates of analysis to ensure users have access to this vital information. Understanding these properties helps in selecting the appropriate grade and ensuring optimal performance in end-use applications, whether for creating specialized chemicals or developing new materials.