NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. provides a deep dive into the world of Polyacrylamide (PAM), a versatile and highly effective polymer that has become indispensable across numerous industries. From water treatment to oil recovery, understanding the different types of PAM and their applications is crucial for optimizing industrial processes. This guide aims to clarify polyacrylamide types and offer insights into their usage.

Polyacrylamide is a synthetic, water-soluble polymer known for its ability to act as a flocculant, thickening agent, binder, and friction reducer. Its molecular structure, characterized by a long chain of repeating acrylamide units, allows it to effectively bridge suspended particles in water, leading to flocculation and improved separation. This core function makes it invaluable in water treatment and wastewater management.

PAM can be broadly classified into three main types based on their ionic charge:

  • Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM): This type carries a negative charge and is highly effective in treating water containing positively charged suspended solids. It is widely used in industrial wastewater treatment, mining, and papermaking due to its strong bridging capabilities and effectiveness in neutral to alkaline pH conditions. For instance, anionic polyacrylamide for industrial wastewater is a common choice for settling contaminants.
  • Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM): Carrying a positive charge, CPAM is ideal for treating wastewater with negatively charged organic matter and colloidal particles. It is particularly effective in sludge dewatering processes, where it significantly improves the separation of water from solids. Its application in sludge dewatering is critical for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants.
  • Non-ionic Polyacrylamide (NPAM): This type has minimal charge and is suitable for applications where pH conditions might fluctuate or where the presence of electrolytes is high. It is often used in conjunction with other flocculants and finds applications in areas like papermaking and mineral processing.

The effectiveness of PAM is also influenced by its molecular weight and charge density. Higher molecular weight generally leads to better bridging, while specific charge densities are optimized for different applications. For example, selecting the correct cationic polyacrylamide for sludge dewatering involves matching its ionic degree to the charge of the sludge particles.

Proper dosage is a critical factor for successful PAM application. Over-usage can be counterproductive, leading to gel formation or reduced effectiveness, while under-dosage will not achieve the desired flocculation. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. emphasizes the importance of experimental determination for polyacrylamide dosage determination based on water quality parameters and process requirements. Typically, dosage is in the range of 0.03 to 0.4 mg/L for water purification when used as a coagulant aid.

Beyond water treatment, PAM's applications in manufacturing are diverse, including enhanced oil recovery, where it increases oil viscosity and displacement efficiency, and textile industries as a sizing agent. Its consistent performance across these varied fields highlights its status as a key chemical in modern industry.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is dedicated to providing high-quality PAM products and expert technical support to help clients select the right type and dosage for their specific needs, ensuring optimal performance and efficiency in their operations.