L-Threonine (CAS 6028-28-0) is a fundamental essential amino acid, critical for numerous biological functions in humans and animals. Understanding its scientific underpinnings – its chemical properties, metabolic fate, and manufacturing processes – is crucial for industries that rely on its consistent supply. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., as a knowledgeable L-Threonine manufacturer, shares insights into the science behind this vital compound.

Chemical and Physical Properties:

L-Threonine is characterized by its alpha-amino group, a carboxyl group, and a beta-hydroxyl side chain. Its molecular formula is C4H9NO3, with a molecular weight of 119.12 g/mol. Physically, it typically appears as white or off-white crystals or crystalline powder. It exhibits good solubility in water and formic acid but is practically insoluble in ethanol and ether. Its melting point is around 256°C, with decomposition occurring at this temperature. The specific rotation of L-Threonine is typically between -26° and -29°, indicating its chiral nature.

Metabolism of L-Threonine:

In the body, L-Threonine undergoes catabolism analogous to serine. It is primarily deaminated via dehydratase to form α-ketobutyric acid. This intermediate then follows pathways similar to pyruvic acid, leading to the production of propionyl CoA. Propionyl CoA can enter the citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) via succinyl CoA, contributing to energy production or gluconeogenesis. Alternatively, α-ketobutyric acid can be converted into α-hydroxybutyric acid and α-aminobutyric acid, which can be excreted. L-Threonine is also vital for protein synthesis, immune function, and the formation of structural proteins like collagen and elastin.

Synthesis and Production Methods:

The commercial production of L-Threonine primarily relies on two methods: fermentation and chemical synthesis.

  • Fermentation: This is the most common and efficient method for producing L-Threonine. Microorganisms, such as strains of Corynebacterium glutamicum or Brevibacterium, are cultured in a nutrient-rich medium. These bacteria are engineered to overproduce L-Threonine from simple carbon sources like glucose and nitrogen sources. After fermentation, the L-Threonine is separated, purified, and crystallized.
  • Chemical Synthesis: While less common for L-Threonine specifically due to the stereochemical challenges, chemical synthesis routes can produce DL-Threonine (a racemic mixture of L- and D-isomers). Processes often involve starting materials like crotonic acid or ethyl acetoacetate. Resolution techniques are then required to separate the desired L-isomer from the D-isomer, which is a complex and often less cost-effective step compared to fermentation.

As a leading L-Threonine manufacturer, our production methods emphasize efficiency, high yield, and consistent quality. We understand the importance of reliable sourcing for businesses looking to buy L-Threonine for their diverse applications.

Importance for Various Industries:

The scientific understanding of L-Threonine's properties and functions underpins its widespread use in animal feed, where it's crucial for growth and health; in the food industry, as a nutrient fortifier; and in pharmaceuticals, for infusions and therapeutic preparations. Whether you are a researcher or a procurement manager, having knowledge of these scientific aspects ensures you can select the appropriate L-Threonine product and work with informed suppliers.

NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is dedicated to providing high-quality L-Threonine, backed by scientific expertise. We are your trusted L-Threonine supplier in China, ready to meet your bulk purchase needs with competitive pricing and dependable service.