Stearyldiethanolamine (CAS 10213-78-2) is a key chemical compound valued for its performance as a non-ionic antistatic agent and emulsifier. For chemists, formulators, and procurement specialists, a deep understanding of its properties, how it's synthesized, and its optimal usage is essential for effective application in various industrial processes. This article provides a comprehensive overview for professionals seeking detailed insights into this valuable chemical.

Chemical Properties and Structure:

Stearyldiethanolamine, with the molecular formula C22H47NO2, possesses a unique molecular structure that dictates its functionality. It is characterized by a long C18 stearyl alkyl chain attached to a nitrogen atom, which is also bonded to two hydroxyethyl groups. This amphiphilic nature, possessing both a hydrophobic tail (stearyl group) and hydrophilic heads (hydroxyl groups), contributes to its surfactant properties and ability to migrate to surfaces, thereby reducing static electricity. Its physical appearance is typically a white to almost white waxy solid or powder, with a melting point around 51°C. It demonstrates excellent solubility in methanol and other organic solvents, and limited solubility in water. The predicted pKa is 14.41±0.10.

Synthesis Pathways:

The synthesis of Stearyldiethanolamine generally involves the reaction between diethanolamine and a stearylating agent, most commonly 1-bromooctadecane (stearyl bromide) or 1-chlorooctadecane. A common laboratory or industrial synthesis procedure involves reacting diethanolamine with stearyl bromide in the presence of a base, such as potassium bicarbonate, and a catalyst like potassium iodide, in a suitable solvent like acetonitrile. The mixture is heated under reflux for several hours. Following the reaction, the solvent is removed, and the product is purified through washing and recrystallization, often yielding a high-purity product suitable for demanding applications. Sourcing raw materials like diethanolamine and stearyl halides from reliable suppliers is crucial for efficient synthesis.

Practical Usage and Applications:

  • As an Antistatic Agent: This is arguably its most prominent use. Incorporated into polymers like PE, PP, ABS, and PS, it effectively dissipates static charge, preventing dust attraction and improving handling properties. Manufacturers can buy it to enhance the performance of packaging films, electronic enclosures, and synthetic fibers.
  • As an Emulsifier: Its surfactant properties also lend themselves to use as an emulsifier in various formulations, including cosmetics and industrial products, where it helps to stabilize mixtures of oil and water.
  • In Specialty Applications: It has also been noted for its use in freshness-keeping films and antibacterial nonwoven fabrics, highlighting its broad utility beyond simple static control.

When considering the procurement of Stearyldiethanolamine (CAS 10213-78-2), it is vital to partner with reputable manufacturers and suppliers who can provide consistent quality and detailed technical documentation. Understanding the synthesis process helps in appreciating the quality control measures that go into producing a high-purity chemical. Whether you are looking to buy for polymer modification or other industrial uses, detailed specifications and reliable sourcing from China-based chemical companies are key to success.