Azodicarbonamide (ADC), a compound with the chemical formula C2H4N4O2 and CAS number 123-77-3, stands out as a critical chemical intermediate and blowing agent in numerous industrial sectors. Its unique thermal decomposition characteristics make it invaluable for creating foamed plastics and rubber products, while its food additive applications, though controversial in some regions, highlight its versatility. This article provides an in-depth look at the properties, production, and widespread uses of Azodicarbonamide, offering insights for those looking to source this essential industrial chemical.

Chemical Properties and Characteristics:

Azodicarbonamide typically presents as a yellow to orange-red crystalline powder. It is largely insoluble in water but can decompose when heated above approximately 200°C (or lower with activators), releasing a significant amount of gas, primarily nitrogen (N2), along with carbon monoxide (CO) and ammonia. This controlled gas release is the foundation of its function as a blowing agent.

Key properties include:

  • Chemical Formula: C2H4N4O2
  • Molecular Weight: 116.08 g/mol
  • CAS Number: 123-77-3
  • Appearance: Yellow to orange-red crystalline powder
  • Decomposition Temperature: Generally above 200°C, but can be modified with activators.
  • Solubility: Insoluble in water; slightly soluble in DMF and DMSO.

The ability to modify ADC's decomposition temperature through additives makes it adaptable to various processing conditions, a key reason for its widespread adoption by manufacturers. Businesses seeking to buy Azodicarbonamide often look for specific grades tailored to their application.

Production Process:

Industrially, Azodicarbonamide is typically synthesized through a two-step process. First, urea is treated with hydrazine to form biurea. This biurea is then oxidized, often using chlorine or chromic acid, to yield Azodicarbonamide. The efficiency and quality control in these steps are critical for producing high-grade ADC. Manufacturers, particularly those in China, have optimized these processes to ensure consistent quality and supply.

Diverse Industrial Applications:

The primary application of Azodicarbonamide is as a blowing agent in the production of foamed plastics and rubber. This includes:

  • Plastics: Used in PVC, EVA, PE, PP for products like shoe soles, yoga mats, insulation, packaging materials, and automotive components. It imparts lightweight properties and enhanced cushioning.
  • Rubber: Essential for creating foamed rubber products that offer improved elasticity and shock absorption, utilized in seals, gaskets, and comfort-oriented items.
  • Synthetic Leather and Textiles: Provides a soft, padded texture.
  • Other Industries: Its use extends to certain construction materials, consumer electronics packaging, and soundproofing applications where lightweight, cellular structures are beneficial.

In regions where permitted, it also functions as a flour bleaching agent and dough conditioner in the baking industry, though regulatory scrutiny is high.

Sourcing Azodicarbonamide:

For manufacturers requiring Azodicarbonamide, sourcing from reliable suppliers and manufacturers is crucial. Companies that produce ADC in large volumes often offer competitive pricing and consistent quality. When seeking to purchase ADC, understanding the specific grade required and engaging with experienced chemical suppliers will ensure optimal results for your manufacturing processes.

In summary, Azodicarbonamide is a highly functional chemical with diverse applications, primarily driven by its exceptional performance as a blowing agent. Its unique properties make it indispensable in creating a wide array of modern materials. For businesses in need of this vital chemical, reliable sourcing from established manufacturers is key to success.