Guaiacol, also known by its IUPAC name 2-methoxyphenol, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C7H8O2. This aromatic molecule is characterized by a benzene ring substituted with both a hydroxyl (-OH) and a methoxy (-OCH3) group. Understanding its fundamental properties is key to appreciating its extensive use across various industries, from flavors and fragrances to pharmaceuticals.

Physically, guaiacol typically appears as a viscous, colorless oil, although impurities or age can lead to a yellowish hue. Its melting point is around 26-29°C, meaning it can exist as either a liquid or a crystalline solid at room temperature depending on ambient conditions. It possesses a distinct, somewhat smoky or phenolic aroma. Its boiling point is approximately 205°C, and it is slightly soluble in water but readily soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether.

Chemically, guaiacol exhibits antioxidant properties due to its phenolic hydroxyl group, which can donate hydrogen atoms to neutralize free radicals. This characteristic makes it valuable in applications requiring stabilization against oxidation. It also participates in various chemical reactions, serving as a key intermediate for the synthesis of other compounds, most notably vanillin and pharmaceutical agents like expectorants.

Regarding safety, guaiacol is generally considered safe when used appropriately in intended applications, such as food flavoring or pharmaceutical formulations, at prescribed concentrations. However, like many chemicals, direct skin or eye contact should be avoided, and adequate ventilation should be ensured when handling it in concentrated form. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide detailed information on handling, storage, and first-aid measures. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. ensures that its guaiacol products are manufactured and handled with the utmost attention to safety standards.

In essence, guaiacol is a compound defined by its simple yet versatile chemical structure, leading to a range of useful physical and chemical properties. Its reliable supply and consistent quality, as provided by NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., are crucial for industries that depend on its unique characteristics.