The Chemistry of Chlorodimethylsilane (CAS 1066-35-9): Properties and Applications in Industry
Chlorodimethylsilane, identified by CAS number 1066-35-9, is a fundamental organosilicon compound whose chemical and physical properties dictate its wide-ranging utility across various industrial sectors. Understanding these characteristics is key to appreciating its role as a versatile synthetic intermediate.
Physically, Chlorodimethylsilane is a clear, colorless liquid. It possesses a low boiling point, around 34-36°C, and a melting point of -111°C, meaning it is liquid under standard laboratory conditions. Its density is approximately 0.852 g/mL at 25°C, and it has a characteristic pungent odor. One of its most significant chemical properties is its high reactivity, particularly its sensitivity to moisture. The Si-Cl bond is polar and susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This leads to rapid hydrolysis upon contact with water or protic solvents, producing dimethylsilanol and HCl, which can further react to form polysiloxanes.
This reactivity makes Chlorodimethylsilane an excellent precursor for introducing the dimethylsilyl group into organic molecules or for building siloxane chains. In organic synthesis, it is employed in reactions like hydrosilylation, where it adds across double or triple bonds, and in deoxygenative chlorination, where it helps convert alcohols and carbonyls into chlorinated products. These transformations are vital for creating specialized chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and fine chemical intermediates.
Industrially, Chlorodimethylsilane is a crucial monomer for the production of silicone polymers. These polymers, known for their thermal stability, flexibility, and resistance to weathering, are used in a vast array of products including sealants, adhesives, lubricants, and coatings. The electronics industry also benefits from Chlorodimethylsilane, using it in the manufacturing of ultra-pure silicon and semiconductors.
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