Chloroacetonitrile, known by its CAS number 107-14-2, is a chemical compound of significant importance in the field of organic synthesis and broader industrial applications. Characterized as a colorless transparent liquid with the chemical formula ClCH2CN, it is a derivative of acetonitrile, modified by the substitution of a hydrogen atom with chlorine. This structural feature grants it the reactivity needed to serve as a key intermediate in producing a variety of valuable chemical products.

The primary method for producing Chloroacetonitrile involves the dehydration of chloroacetamide. This synthetic route ensures a reliable supply for industrial demand. The compound's utility is extensive, primarily serving as a crucial building block in organic synthesis. Its reactive nature allows chemists to introduce specific functionalities into molecules, a process fundamental to creating complex organic compounds used in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals.

The application of Chloroacetonitrile extends to its role as a pesticide intermediate. By participating in the synthesis of various agrochemicals, it contributes to the development of products that protect crops and enhance agricultural output. This application highlights its indirect but vital contribution to global food production and management.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Chloroacetonitrile is indispensable for synthesizing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and other critical intermediates. The high purity, often above 99.5%, demanded by this sector ensures the efficacy and safety of the final drug products. The compound's molecular weight is approximately 75.50 g/mol, and it possesses a boiling point of 124-126°C, information vital for process design and optimization.

Beyond synthesis, Chloroacetonitrile is also utilized as an analytical reagent in various laboratory settings. Its consistent chemical properties and purity make it suitable for calibration and testing procedures, contributing to the accuracy of chemical analyses.

Due to its toxic nature, particularly its designation as toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or through skin contact, safe handling is paramount. Users must adhere to strict safety protocols, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and ensuring adequate ventilation. Proper storage, typically in 200kg drums in a cool, well-ventilated area, is essential for maintaining safety and product integrity. Understanding the safety data and hazard statements associated with Chloroacetonitrile is a critical responsibility for all users. The compound's role in driving innovation across multiple industries solidifies its position as a key chemical intermediate.