Indium(III) Chloride Tetrahydrate, identified by its CAS number 22519-64-8, is a compound of significant interest in both academic research and industrial applications due to its distinctive chemical properties. As a hydrated salt of indium, it exhibits characteristics that make it valuable in various chemical processes, particularly as a Lewis acid catalyst.

The molecular formula, Cl3H2InO, indicates the presence of indium in its +3 oxidation state, which is coordinated with chloride ions and water molecules. This hydrated form is typically a white crystalline solid. Its melting point, around 586°C (for the anhydrous form, the tetrahydrate will decompose at lower temperatures), suggests a stable compound under typical laboratory conditions. However, it is hygroscopic and should be stored appropriately to maintain its integrity.

The most notable chemical characteristic of Indium(III) Chloride Tetrahydrate is its potent Lewis acidity. The indium(III) ion possesses vacant orbitals that can readily accept electron pairs from Lewis bases. This property enables it to activate a wide range of organic substrates, facilitating reactions such as Diels-Alder cycloadditions, Friedel-Crafts acylations, and nucleophilic additions. For scientists involved in organic synthesis, understanding this Lewis acidic nature is key to leveraging its catalytic potential.

Its solubility in water is also a significant factor, allowing it to be used in aqueous or mixed solvent systems, which can be advantageous for green chemistry initiatives. The ability to form coordination complexes with various ligands further expands its utility, enabling fine-tuning of catalytic activity and selectivity.

For R&D scientists and product formulators, Indium(III) Chloride Tetrahydrate represents a powerful tool for developing new synthetic methodologies and improving existing ones. When considering its purchase, it is essential to buy from a reputable manufacturer that guarantees the purity and precise composition of the compound. This ensures predictable and reproducible results in catalytic applications. Exploring the chemical properties of this versatile indium salt can unlock new possibilities in chemical synthesis and material development.