4-Amino-2-methylphenol (CAS 2835-96-3) is a well-defined chemical entity with a molecular formula of C7H9NO and a molecular weight of 123.15. Typically appearing as beige crystals, this compound is prized for its high purity, often exceeding 99%, making it a preferred choice for demanding chemical applications. Understanding its chemical properties and synthesis is key to its effective utilization.

The compound's structure, characterized by a phenol ring substituted with an amino group and a methyl group, endows it with amphoteric properties. It can act as a weak base due to the presence of the amino group and as a weak acid due to the phenolic hydroxyl group. This dual nature allows it to participate in a wide range of chemical reactions, serving as a nucleophile or electrophile depending on the reaction conditions.

Several synthesis routes exist for 4-Amino-2-methylphenol. One common method involves the reduction of 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol. The starting material, 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol, can be synthesized through the nitration of o-cresol. Following nitration, the nitro group is reduced to an amino group using various reducing agents, such as catalytic hydrogenation or chemical reductants like iron or tin in acidic media. The resulting crude product is then purified, typically through recrystallization, to achieve the desired high purity.

Analytical techniques such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry (MS), and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy are routinely used to confirm the identity and purity of 4-Amino-2-methylphenol. These analyses provide detailed structural information and verify the absence of significant impurities, which is crucial for its use in sensitive applications like pharmaceutical synthesis.

The physical properties, including its melting point (around 174-176 °C) and solubility in various solvents, are also important considerations for handling and processing. Information on these properties, along with safety data sheets (SDS), is readily available from reputable chemical suppliers. Sourcing this intermediate from reliable manufacturers, particularly those based in China, ensures access to well-characterized material for your research and production needs.