NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is a leading supplier of fine chemicals, and understanding the fundamental chemistry of our products is key to their effective application. 1,3-diaminopropane (CAS 109-76-2), also known as trimethylenediamine or 1,3-propanediamine, is a simple yet highly versatile diamine with a rich chemical profile. This article explores its synthesis and key chemical properties that make it invaluable across numerous industries.

The synthesis of 1,3-diaminopropane typically involves the amination of acrylonitrile followed by the hydrogenation of the resulting aminopropionitrile. This established industrial process ensures the production of high-purity 1,3-diaminopropane required for its various applications. Other synthetic routes may also be employed depending on specific industrial needs and technological advancements, all aimed at producing a reliable chemical intermediate.

Chemically, 1,3-diaminopropane (C₃H₁₀N₂) is characterized by its molecular weight of approximately 74.12 g/mol. It exists as a colorless liquid with a strong, fishy or ammoniacal odor, a common trait among lower molecular weight amines. Its boiling point is around 135-140 °C, and it has a melting point of -12 °C, indicating it is a liquid at standard room temperatures. The density of 1,3-diaminopropane is approximately 0.887 g/cm³.

A significant chemical property is its solubility. 1,3-diaminopropane is miscible with water and also soluble in many polar organic solvents, such as ethanol and ether. This solubility profile makes it adaptable for use in a wide range of reaction media and formulations. The molecule contains two primary amine groups (-NH₂), which are nucleophilic and basic. This bifunctional nature is the basis for its extensive use as a building block in organic synthesis, acting as a cross-linker, a chain extender, or a precursor for heterocyclic compounds.

As a base, 1,3-diaminopropane can readily accept protons, with pKa values indicating its basic strength. Its reactivity also extends to forming Schiff bases with aldehydes and ketones, and participating in Michael additions. These properties are fundamental to its utility in creating complex molecules for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, polymers, and textile treatments. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. ensures consistent quality and purity of 1,3-diaminopropane, enabling its reliable use in diverse chemical syntheses and applications.