Hydroquinone, also known by its IUPAC name benzene-1,4-diol and identified by CAS 123-31-9, is a fundamental organic compound with a rich chemical profile that dictates its diverse applications. Its unique properties as a reducing agent and its reactivity stemming from the hydroxyl groups on a benzene ring make it invaluable in sectors ranging from photography to polymerization inhibition. For professionals working with this compound, a thorough understanding of its science is crucial for effective and safe utilization.

At its core, Hydroquinone is a derivative of benzene with two hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached at opposite positions on the ring (para position). This structure imbues it with significant reducing capabilities. In aqueous solutions, it readily undergoes oxidation to form benzoquinone. This redox activity is the basis for its utility in photographic developers, where it facilitates the reduction of silver halides to metallic silver. The efficiency of this reduction is a key factor that buyers consider when looking to buy Hydroquinone for photographic applications.

The hydroxyl groups also make Hydroquinone weakly acidic and susceptible to reactions such as alkylation and acylation, allowing it to serve as a precursor for more complex molecules. Its antioxidant properties stem from its ability to scavenge free radicals. This is particularly important in its role as a polymerization inhibitor. By intercepting free radicals that initiate unwanted polymer chain growth, Hydroquinone stabilizes reactive monomers, preventing premature solidification and degradation. This protective function is vital for monomers used in the production of plastics, resins, and coatings. Companies often rely on a steady supply from a trusted manufacturer to maintain product integrity.

Safe handling and storage are paramount when working with Hydroquinone. As a chemical compound, it has specific hazard classifications that must be respected. Proper ventilation, personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and eye protection, and avoidance of contact with strong oxidizers are essential precautions. Storage recommendations typically include keeping the material in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct light and heat, and in tightly sealed containers to prevent degradation and contamination. When you purchase Hydroquinone, always review the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by the supplier.

The market for Hydroquinone (CAS 123-31-9) is driven by its widespread use. Competitive prices are often found when sourcing directly from large-scale manufacturers. However, safety and quality should never be compromised for cost. It is advisable for procurement specialists to engage with suppliers who demonstrate a strong commitment to quality control, provide comprehensive technical documentation, and adhere to international safety standards. Understanding the scientific basis of Hydroquinone empowers users to harness its capabilities effectively and safely, ensuring both product quality and operational security.