1-Decanethiol (CAS 143-10-2), also known by synonyms like decyl mercaptan, is a chemical compound that holds significant importance as an intermediate in various organic synthesis processes. For researchers and industrial chemists, a thorough understanding of its properties is crucial for effective utilization. As a dedicated manufacturer and supplier, we aim to provide clarity on this versatile compound.

Physically, 1-decanethiol is characterized as a colorless liquid at room temperature. Its molecular formula is C10H22S, and it possesses a distinct, often pungent, odor typical of thiols. This odor is a key identifier and also a reminder of the safety precautions that must be taken when handling it.

Key physical properties include:

  • Appearance: Colorless liquid
  • Melting Point: Approximately -26 °C
  • Boiling Point: Around 114 °C at 13 mmHg (pressure dependent)
  • Density: Approximately 0.824 g/mL at 25 °C
  • Flash Point: Around 209 °F (98 °C)
  • Solubility: Insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents, reflecting its hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain.

Chemically, the presence of the thiol group (-SH) is the most defining feature of 1-decanethiol. This functional group is reactive and participates in a wide array of chemical transformations, making it a valuable building block in organic synthesis:

  • Nucleophilic Reactions: The sulfur atom in the thiol group can act as a nucleophile, readily reacting with electrophilic centers. This is fundamental for forming new carbon-sulfur bonds.
  • Oxidation: Thiols can be oxidized to disulfides, sulfonic acids, and other sulfur-containing compounds. The degree of oxidation depends on the oxidizing agent and reaction conditions.
  • Alkylation/Acylation: The thiol proton is acidic (pKa ~10.50), allowing for deprotonation by bases to form thiolate anions, which are potent nucleophiles. These can then react with alkyl halides or acyl halides to form thioethers or thioesters, respectively.
  • Metal Complexation: Thiols can coordinate with metal ions, which is relevant in catalysis and the formation of self-assembled monolayers on metal surfaces.

These chemical reactivities underpin the use of 1-decanethiol as an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of products. It is particularly noted for its application in creating self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold surfaces, which is critical for advancements in electronics and surface science. Furthermore, it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of specialized polymers, surfactants, and other fine chemicals.

For procurement managers and researchers seeking to buy 1-decanethiol, understanding these properties and reaction pathways is key to optimizing their synthetic strategies. As a reliable manufacturer and supplier, we offer high-purity 1-decanethiol (CAS 143-10-2) along with technical data to support your applications. We understand the importance of consistent quality and availability for chemical synthesis projects. Partner with us to source this essential intermediate and ensure the success of your chemical endeavors.