Understanding Bromoacetonitrile (CAS 590-17-0): Properties and Safe Handling
Bromoacetonitrile, identified by its CAS number 590-17-0, is a chemical compound that plays a significant role in various synthetic processes within organic chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Its unique chemical structure, featuring both a bromine atom and a nitrile group, bestows upon it a high degree of reactivity, making it a valuable intermediate. However, this reactivity also necessitates a thorough understanding of its properties and strict adherence to safety protocols. This guide aims to provide essential information on Bromoacetonitrile, from its fundamental characteristics to safe handling practices.
Chemically, Bromoacetonitrile (C2H2BrN) is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. Its molecular weight is approximately 119.95 g/mol. The presence of the electron-withdrawing nitrile group adjacent to the bromine atom enhances the electrophilicity of the alpha-carbon, making the bromine atom particularly susceptible to nucleophilic displacement. This characteristic is the foundation for its utility as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis, enabling the introduction of the cyanomethyl group (-CH2CN) into various molecules. Its applications range from the synthesis of complex organic molecules to its use as a precursor in the development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. For instance, it is employed in reactions that build intricate molecular frameworks essential for drug efficacy or pest control agents.
The safety considerations for Bromoacetonitrile are of utmost importance due to its hazardous nature. Typically, it is classified as toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It can also cause severe irritation to the eyes and respiratory tract. Therefore, working with Bromoacetonitrile requires a controlled environment and appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). This includes wearing chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing such as lab coats. Operations involving Bromoacetonitrile should always be conducted in a well-ventilated area, ideally within a certified fume hood, to minimize exposure to vapors.
Proper storage and handling procedures are critical to ensuring safety and maintaining the integrity of the compound. Bromoacetonitrile should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, and sources of ignition. Accidental spills should be managed promptly and effectively according to established safety protocols, typically involving containment, absorption with inert materials, and disposal in accordance with local regulations.
For professionals in the chemical industry, particularly those involved in research and development or manufacturing, understanding the chemical properties and safety requirements of Bromoacetonitrile is fundamental. Sourcing this chemical from reputable suppliers who provide comprehensive safety data sheets (SDS) and adhere to quality manufacturing standards is crucial. By prioritizing safety and informed handling, the valuable synthetic capabilities of Bromoacetonitrile can be harnessed effectively and responsibly, supporting innovation across various scientific and industrial fields.
Chemically, Bromoacetonitrile (C2H2BrN) is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. Its molecular weight is approximately 119.95 g/mol. The presence of the electron-withdrawing nitrile group adjacent to the bromine atom enhances the electrophilicity of the alpha-carbon, making the bromine atom particularly susceptible to nucleophilic displacement. This characteristic is the foundation for its utility as an alkylating agent in organic synthesis, enabling the introduction of the cyanomethyl group (-CH2CN) into various molecules. Its applications range from the synthesis of complex organic molecules to its use as a precursor in the development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. For instance, it is employed in reactions that build intricate molecular frameworks essential for drug efficacy or pest control agents.
The safety considerations for Bromoacetonitrile are of utmost importance due to its hazardous nature. Typically, it is classified as toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It can also cause severe irritation to the eyes and respiratory tract. Therefore, working with Bromoacetonitrile requires a controlled environment and appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). This includes wearing chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing such as lab coats. Operations involving Bromoacetonitrile should always be conducted in a well-ventilated area, ideally within a certified fume hood, to minimize exposure to vapors.
Proper storage and handling procedures are critical to ensuring safety and maintaining the integrity of the compound. Bromoacetonitrile should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances such as strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, and sources of ignition. Accidental spills should be managed promptly and effectively according to established safety protocols, typically involving containment, absorption with inert materials, and disposal in accordance with local regulations.
For professionals in the chemical industry, particularly those involved in research and development or manufacturing, understanding the chemical properties and safety requirements of Bromoacetonitrile is fundamental. Sourcing this chemical from reputable suppliers who provide comprehensive safety data sheets (SDS) and adhere to quality manufacturing standards is crucial. By prioritizing safety and informed handling, the valuable synthetic capabilities of Bromoacetonitrile can be harnessed effectively and responsibly, supporting innovation across various scientific and industrial fields.
Perspectives & Insights
Molecule Vision 7
“Therefore, working with Bromoacetonitrile requires a controlled environment and appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).”
Alpha Origin 24
“This includes wearing chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or a face shield, and protective clothing such as lab coats.”
Future Analyst X
“Operations involving Bromoacetonitrile should always be conducted in a well-ventilated area, ideally within a certified fume hood, to minimize exposure to vapors.”