Thioacetic Acid (TAA), chemically known as ethanethioic acid (CAS 507-09-5), is an organosulfur compound with a distinct profile that makes it valuable across several industrial sectors. As a derivative of acetic acid where the carboxyl oxygen is replaced by sulfur, TAA exhibits unique reactivity that synthetic chemists and manufacturers leverage for a variety of applications, ranging from pharmaceutical synthesis to polymer modification.

Key properties of Thioacetic Acid include its appearance as a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong, pungent odor. It has a relatively low boiling point of approximately 93-94 °C and a melting point around -17 °C, making it a liquid under standard conditions. Its chemical formula is C2H4OS, and its molecular weight is 76.12 g/mol. Crucially for its application in organic synthesis, TAA is known for its role as a thiolation and acetylthiolation agent, effectively introducing sulfur functional groups into organic molecules. This capability is fundamental to its use as an intermediate in creating a wide range of products.

The industrial applications of Thioacetic Acid are diverse:

  • Pharmaceutical Synthesis: TAA is a critical intermediate in the production of various pharmaceuticals, including antihypertensives like captopril, as well as hormone modifiers, antibiotics, and fungicides. Its ability to introduce thiol groups is vital for the bioactivity of many drug molecules.
  • Organic Synthesis: It serves as a versatile reagent for synthesizing mercaptans, thioesters, and other sulfur-containing compounds. This makes it invaluable for creating specialized chemicals, agrochemical intermediates, and components for flavors and fragrances.
  • Polymer Science: TAA can be used as a modifier and additive in polymers, influencing their properties and performance. It's employed in processes like nucleophilic or radical addition to create sulfur-derived polymers.
  • Chemical Reagent: In laboratory settings, it's used for various analytical purposes and as a precipitating agent, for example, in calibrating for cobalt and lead or determining molybdenum.

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