Zinc Phosphide, scientifically known as Zn3P2 and identified by CAS number 1314-84-7, is an inorganic compound that plays a significant role in various industrial applications, most notably as a highly effective rodenticide. Understanding its chemical properties and inherent hazards is crucial for safe and effective handling, especially for B2B clients in the chemical and agricultural sectors. As a manufacturer and supplier, we prioritize transparency regarding the nature of our products.

The chemical structure of Zinc Phosphide involves zinc and phosphorus atoms, typically forming a gray crystalline powder. Its most critical chemical property, and the basis for its primary use, is its reactivity. When exposed to moisture or acids, Zinc Phosphide undergoes hydrolysis, releasing phosphine gas (PH3). This gas is highly toxic and flammable. The reaction can be summarized as:

Zn3P2 + 6 H2O → 2 PH3 ↑ + 3 Zn(OH)2

This reaction is accelerated in acidic conditions. The phosphine gas produced is the actual toxic agent, interfering with cellular respiration and leading to rapid systemic failure in target organisms, particularly rodents.

The hazards associated with Zinc Phosphide are primarily linked to the release of phosphine gas. Phosphine is extremely toxic if inhaled, even at low concentrations, and can cause symptoms ranging from headache, dizziness, and nausea to more severe effects like pulmonary edema, convulsions, and potentially death. Skin and eye contact with Zinc Phosphide dust can cause irritation. Due to these risks, strict safety precautions are necessary when handling this compound. This includes working in well-ventilated areas, wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and respiratory protection, and ensuring proper storage in sealed containers away from moisture and acids.

The toxicity classification of Zinc Phosphide often categorizes it as highly toxic if swallowed and posing significant inhalation hazards. Its environmental impact also requires careful consideration, as it can be toxic to aquatic organisms. Responsible disposal in accordance with local regulations is therefore essential.

For industrial buyers, understanding these chemical properties and hazards allows for informed decision-making in procurement and application. As a manufacturer committed to quality and safety, we supply Zinc Phosphide with high purity (≥99%) and provide comprehensive safety data to ensure responsible use. We encourage all clients to review safety guidelines thoroughly and to contact us with any queries regarding the safe handling or application of this potent chemical compound.