Understanding the fundamental chemical properties of an intermediate is essential for any chemist or formulator aiming to leverage its full potential in synthesis. 3-Hydroxy-2-nitropyridine (CAS: 15128-82-2) is a molecule rich in chemical reactivity due to its distinct functional groups, making it a valuable asset in organic chemistry. This article explores its key properties and highlights its diverse synthesis applications.

The chemical structure of 3-Hydroxy-2-nitropyridine features a pyridine ring substituted with a hydroxyl (-OH) group at the 3-position and a nitro (-NO2) group at the 2-position. This arrangement imparts unique characteristics. The electron-withdrawing nature of the nitro group and the pyridine nitrogen significantly influences the electron density distribution within the ring, affecting the acidity of the hydroxyl proton and the reactivity of other positions on the ring. The nitro group itself can be a target for reduction reactions to form amino groups, opening pathways to aniline derivatives. Meanwhile, the hydroxyl group can undergo various reactions, such as etherification, esterification, or serve as a directing group in electrophilic aromatic substitution, though the deactivated pyridine ring might require specific conditions.

The physical properties are equally important for handling and processing. Typically appearing as a yellow crystalline powder, 3-Hydroxy-2-nitropyridine has a defined melting point (often in the range of 69-71 °C) and a relatively high boiling point, indicating its stability under normal conditions. Its density is around 1.507 g/cm³, and it has a flash point of approximately 185.6 °C, providing crucial safety information for storage and handling. When sourced from reputable manufacturers, its purity is usually very high, often exceeding 99%, which is critical for reproducible synthetic outcomes.

The synthesis applications of 3-Hydroxy-2-nitropyridine are broad. It is frequently used as a key intermediate in the production of:

  • Pharmaceuticals: As a foundational component for building complex drug molecules. Researchers utilize it to introduce pyridine scaffolds into candidate drugs targeting various diseases.
  • Agrochemicals: Its structure lends itself to the synthesis of pesticides and herbicides, where the pyridine moiety is often associated with biological activity.
  • Dyes: The presence of the nitro group and the aromatic system can contribute to color in synthesized molecules, making it useful in dye chemistry.
  • Flavors and Fragrances: It can be a precursor to specialty chemicals used in flavor and fragrance formulations.

For professionals in chemical synthesis, securing a reliable supply of high-quality 3-Hydroxy-2-nitropyridine is paramount. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is a leading manufacturer and supplier that provides this essential intermediate with guaranteed purity and consistent quality. We encourage researchers and procurement managers to leverage our expertise and reliable supply chain to advance their synthesis projects. Contact us today to request a quote or sample for 3-Hydroxy-2-nitropyridine and experience the benefits of partnering with a trusted chemical supplier.