N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is a compound that commands attention in various scientific and industrial disciplines due to its unique chemical properties and versatile applications. Derived from maleic acid, this organic molecule is characterized by its cyclic imide structure and high reactivity, particularly with thiol-containing compounds. For researchers, formulators, and procurement specialists, understanding the chemistry and procurement of N-Ethylmaleimide is fundamental to harnessing its capabilities. If you are looking to buy N-Ethylmaleimide, this overview provides essential insights into its nature and uses.

Understanding the Chemistry of N-Ethylmaleimide

N-Ethylmaleimide (CAS 128-53-0) is a derivative of maleimide, with an ethyl group attached to the nitrogen atom. Its chemical formula is C6H7NO2, and it typically appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder or solid. The key to its utility lies in its electrophilic double bond within the maleimide ring, which readily undergoes Michael addition reactions with nucleophiles. The most significant reaction involves thiol groups (-SH), which are prevalent in cysteine residues of proteins and in various other organic molecules.

Key chemical characteristics and reactions include:

  • Thiol Reactivity: NEM reacts specifically and efficiently with sulfhydryl groups to form stable thioether linkages. This targeted reaction is foundational to its use in protein modification and bioconjugation.
  • Polymerization: Under certain conditions, NEM can undergo polymerization, which is both a potential hazard if not stored correctly and an application in creating specific polymer structures.
  • Electrophilic Nature: The electron-withdrawing carbonyl groups make the double bond susceptible to nucleophilic attack, driving its chemical behavior.

The purity of N-Ethylmaleimide is critical for its applications. For instance, in pharmaceutical synthesis and biochemical research, high purity levels (e.g., 99%+) are essential to ensure specificity and avoid confounding side reactions. Therefore, sourcing from reliable chemical manufacturers and suppliers is paramount.

Broad Applications Across Industries

The versatile reactivity of N-Ethylmaleimide translates into a wide array of applications:

  • Pharmaceutical Intermediates: NEM is used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds, including those with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Its role as a building block is vital in drug discovery.
  • Polymer Chemistry: It serves as a monomer, polymerization agent, and cross-linking agent for producing specialty polymers, resins, and coatings with improved thermal and mechanical properties.
  • Biochemical Research: Researchers widely employ NEM for protein labeling, modification of cysteine residues, and studying enzyme mechanisms due to its specific thiol reactivity.
  • Photoresists: In the electronics industry, NEM is utilized as a photoactive compound in photoresists for semiconductor manufacturing.

When considering purchasing N-Ethylmaleimide, it is advisable to obtain quotes from established manufacturers and suppliers. Factors like product purity, reliable supply, proper storage recommendations, and comprehensive technical documentation (such as SDS and COA) should guide your selection process. A strong supplier will ensure you can buy N-Ethylmaleimide that meets your project's exact specifications.