Bupivacaine Hydrochloride (CAS 14252-80-3) is a sophisticated chemical compound with significant applications in the pharmaceutical industry, primarily as a local anesthetic. Understanding its chemical properties, synthesis pathways, and the crucial aspects of safe handling is vital for anyone involved in its production, formulation, or research. This article provides an overview from the perspective of a knowledgeable supplier of pharmaceutical intermediates.

Chemical and Physical Properties

Bupivacaine Hydrochloride, with the molecular formula C18H28N2O.ClH and a molecular weight of approximately 324.89 g/mol, typically presents as a white to off-white crystalline solid. Its solubility in water and alcohol makes it amenable to formulation into injectable solutions. Key properties include:

  • Appearance: White solid.
  • Purity: Typically >99% for pharmaceutical grade.
  • Melting Point: Around 249-251°C.
  • Stability: It is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air, necessitating appropriate storage conditions (e.g., desiccated, refrigerated).
  • Solubility: Soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol.

Synthesis Pathways

The synthesis of Bupivacaine Hydrochloride is a multi-step process typically involving the amidation of 2,6-xylidine with a butyryl chloride derivative, followed by cyclization and salt formation. While detailed proprietary synthesis routes vary among manufacturers, the general principle involves building the characteristic piperidine ring and attaching the necessary substituents. Sourcing high-quality intermediates and employing precise reaction conditions are key to achieving the desired purity and yield. For pharmaceutical applications, manufacturers in China often leverage advanced chemical synthesis technologies and stringent process controls.

Safe Handling and Storage

Given its potent pharmacological activity, safe handling of Bupivacaine Hydrochloride is paramount:

  • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Always wear appropriate PPE, including gloves, eye protection (safety goggles or face shield), and protective clothing, to prevent skin and eye contact.
  • Respiratory Protection: When handling the powder form, especially in large quantities or in poorly ventilated areas, use respiratory protection (e.g., N95 respirator) to avoid inhalation.
  • Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area, preferably a fume hood, to minimize exposure to airborne particles.
  • Storage: Store Bupivacaine Hydrochloride in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place, away from incompatible materials. Due to its hygroscopic nature, protect it from moisture. Refrigeration (0°C to 4°C) is often recommended for long-term storage to maintain stability and purity.
  • Emergency Procedures: Be familiar with emergency procedures for spills, exposure, and first aid. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheets (SDS) should be readily available and consulted.

Procurement Considerations

When looking to buy Bupivacaine Hydrochloride, choosing a supplier that provides comprehensive documentation, including safety data sheets and certificates of analysis, is essential. Suppliers in China are a key source for this compound, offering competitive pricing for bulk orders. Ensuring that the supplier adheres to international quality standards and can guarantee safe delivery is vital for any pharmaceutical or research application.

By adhering to these guidelines for understanding its properties and safe handling, professionals can effectively and safely utilize Bupivacaine Hydrochloride in their endeavors.