Tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride (often abbreviated as TDBAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound characterized by its C23H42ClN molecular formula and a molecular weight of approximately 368.04 g/mol. Its synthesis typically involves the quaternization reaction between a tertiary amine, specifically dimethylbenzylamine, and tetradecyl chloride. This process yields a molecule with a positively charged nitrogen atom, balanced by a chloride anion, and featuring a long hydrophobic tetradecyl chain and a benzyl group.

Physically, Tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride commonly appears as a white to off-white powder or crystalline solid. It exhibits a melting point typically in the range of 56-62°C. Its solubility profile is noteworthy; it is readily soluble in water, forming clear, colorless solutions, and also dissolves well in alcohols. However, its solubility in non-polar organic solvents like benzene and ether is limited. This amphiphilic nature, possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts, is fundamental to its surfactant properties.

The chemical stability of Tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride is generally good under ambient conditions, though it is hygroscopic and should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place, often at 2-8°C for optimal preservation. It remains stable within a moderate pH range, making it adaptable for various formulations. Understanding these chemical properties is essential for manufacturers and formulators when considering its buy options and ensuring optimal performance in its intended applications.