The effectiveness of Polyacrylamide (PAM) in industrial applications hinges not only on selecting the correct product but also on proper preparation and dosing techniques. Incorrect handling can lead to reduced efficiency, clumping, or wasted product. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., a leading Polyacrylamide manufacturer in China, emphasizes best practices to ensure optimal performance in water treatment, sludge dewatering, and other processes.

PAM Preparation: Dissolving and Concentration

PAM is typically supplied in powder or granular form, which requires dissolution in water before application. The goal is to create a homogeneous solution without clumps. A common recommendation is to prepare PAM solutions with concentrations ranging from 0.05% to 0.1% for anionic and non-ionic types, and 0.1% to 0.2% for cationic types. However, higher concentrations (up to 1% or more) can be used if the solution is immediately diluted before use, or if specific equipment is available for controlled dissolution.

Key steps for effective preparation:

  • Use Clean Water: Ideally, use clean, de-mineralized, or tap water at room temperature. Avoid very cold water, which slows dissolution, or hot water, which can degrade the polymer.
  • Controlled Addition: Slowly add the powdered PAM to vigorously stirred water. Avoid dumping large quantities at once, which can lead to clumping and incomplete dissolution. For liquid dispersions, follow manufacturer-specific dilution instructions.
  • Adequate Mixing: Stirring is essential to ensure complete hydration and dispersion of PAM molecules. Use mechanical stirrers or high-shear mixers designed for polymer solutions. For solutions prepared with water, gentle, continuous stirring for 30-60 minutes is usually sufficient for full dissolution.
  • Prevent Clumping: Ensure adequate shear and prevent the formation of 'fish eyes' (undissolved gel particles). If clumps form, they can clog equipment and reduce effectiveness.

Dosing and Application: Achieving Optimal Results

Once the PAM solution is prepared, proper dosing is critical. Overdosing can lead to issues like increased turbidity, gel formation, and decreased filtration efficiency, while underdosing results in poor flocculation and ineffective treatment.

  • Jar Tests: Always perform jar tests before full-scale application. These tests help determine the optimal PAM type, concentration, and dosage for your specific water or sludge matrix.
  • Sequential Addition: In many water treatment processes, PAM is added after primary coagulants (like aluminum sulfate or polyaluminum chloride). This sequence allows the primary coagulant to neutralize some charges and initiate micro-floc formation before the PAM bridges these micro-flocs into larger, settleable flocs.
  • Dosage Control: Use calibrated dosing pumps to ensure accurate and consistent application rates. The required dosage can vary significantly based on the contaminant load, pH, temperature, and type of PAM used.
  • Storage: Prepared PAM solutions have limited shelf life. It's best to prepare solutions daily or as needed to maintain their efficacy.

As a leading Polyacrylamide supplier in China, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is dedicated to providing high-quality PAM and expert technical support. We offer competitive Polyacrylamide prices and can assist you in optimizing your preparation and dosing strategies. When you need to buy Polyacrylamide, consult with us to ensure you achieve the best possible treatment results efficiently and cost-effectively.