For R&D scientists and product formulators in the water treatment industry, a deep understanding of how chemicals function is crucial for innovation and optimal product development. Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) is a sophisticated inorganic polymer coagulant whose efficacy is rooted in complex chemical interactions within water. As a leading manufacturer and supplier of PAC, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to providing insights into the science behind our products, enabling our partners to make informed decisions when they choose to buy PAC.

At its core, PAC operates through a process known as coagulation and flocculation. When PAC is introduced into water, its polymeric aluminum species hydrolyze and undergo a series of reactions. These reactions release positively charged aluminum species (e.g., [Al(OH)2]+, [Al2(OH)4]2+) that effectively neutralize the negative surface charges of suspended particles and colloidal matter present in the water. This neutralization process is the primary mechanism of charge neutralization, which prevents particles from repelling each other and allows them to aggregate.

Following charge neutralization, the formation of larger aggregates, known as flocs, occurs. This second stage is called flocculation. The extended polymeric chains within PAC can bridge between multiple destabilized particles, physically linking them together. This bridging action, combined with entrapment of particles within the growing precipitate of aluminum hydroxides, creates larger, heavier flocs. These flocs are much easier to remove from the water through sedimentation or filtration processes. For scientists seeking to optimize floc formation, understanding PAC's molecular structure and its basicity is key to controlling the coagulation process.

Compared to simpler coagulants like Aluminum Sulphate (Alum), PAC generally exhibits higher efficiency at lower doses. This is attributed to its pre-formed polymeric structure, which has a higher charge density and a greater capacity for bridging. Additionally, PAC is known to have a less significant impact on the water's pH compared to Alum, which means less need for pH adjustment chemicals. This characteristic is particularly valuable for water sources with naturally low alkalinity. When you purchase PAC, consider these performance differences for your formulations.

The specific grade of PAC, often defined by its basicity (the ratio of hydroxyl groups to aluminum atoms), plays a significant role in its performance. Higher basicity usually means a more hydrolyzed and polymerized form of aluminum, which can lead to faster floc formation and improved removal of certain contaminants. For product formulators, selecting a PAC with the appropriate basicity for their target application – whether it's industrial wastewater or municipal water treatment – is crucial for achieving desired outcomes. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. offers a range of PAC products with varying basicity levels to meet diverse scientific and commercial needs.

Understanding the scientific underpinnings of Polyaluminium Chloride empowers researchers and formulators to maximize its potential. By leveraging PAC's advanced chemical properties, innovative water treatment solutions can be developed. We invite all scientists and product developers to partner with NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. to explore the possibilities of PAC. Contact us to inquire about our product range, obtain technical data, and secure a reliable supply of high-quality PAC for your next project.