Ensuring clean and safe water is a paramount concern for industries worldwide, and Polyacrylamide (PAM) has become an indispensable tool in achieving this goal. As a leading manufacturer and supplier of water treatment chemicals, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. offers a range of high-performance PAM products. However, the effectiveness of PAM hinges on selecting the correct type and applying it properly. This guide aims to help procurement managers and water treatment professionals make informed decisions when purchasing PAM.

Understanding the Core Functions of PAM in Water Treatment

PAM primarily functions as a flocculant and a coagulant aid. Its long polymer chains can bridge small suspended particles, forming larger aggregates (flocs) that settle out of the water more easily. This process is vital for removing turbidity, organic matter, and other contaminants from raw water, industrial wastewater, and municipal sewage.

Key Selection Criteria for Polyacrylamide:

  1. Ionic Type: The most critical factor in PAM selection is its ionic charge, which must be matched to the charge of the contaminants in the water.
  2. Molecular Weight: This determines the size and strength of the flocs formed.
  3. Formulation: PAM is available in powder, emulsion, and aqueous dispersion forms, each with unique handling and dissolution characteristics.

Matching Ionic Type to Water Chemistry:

  • Anionic PAM (APAM): Typically used in neutral to alkaline water. APAM is effective for positively charged suspended solids, such as colloidal particles in industrial wastewater from steel plants, electroplating facilities, and coal washing operations. It's a common choice for clarifying raw water with high turbidity.
  • Cationic PAM (CPAM): Preferred for acidic or neutral water. CPAM is highly effective in neutralizing negatively charged organic matter, oils, and dyes. It is a primary choice for sludge dewatering due to the negative charge of most sludge particles and is also used in municipal wastewater treatment for removing organic pollutants.
  • Non-ionic PAM (NPAM): Used when minimal ionic interaction is desired or when water has a very low ionic content. It functions primarily through bridging mechanisms.
  • Amphoteric PAM: Offers the advantage of having both positive and negative charges, making it versatile for a wide range of pH conditions and contaminant types, including a mix of organic and inorganic pollutants.

The Importance of Molecular Weight:

Higher molecular weight PAM generally leads to the formation of larger and stronger flocs, which settle faster and are easier to separate. However, excessively high molecular weights might become difficult to dissolve or shear-sensitive. The optimal molecular weight often depends on the specific application and the characteristics of the water being treated. For instance, in sludge dewatering, higher molecular weights are often preferred to ensure robust floc formation.

Preparation and Dosing: Maximizing PAM Efficacy

Proper preparation of PAM solutions is crucial. Most PAM products, especially powders, need to be dissolved in water with gentle stirring to avoid shear degradation. Preparing solutions at a controlled concentration (e.g., 0.1% to 0.5%) and allowing sufficient hydration time is essential. Dosing should be optimized through jar tests to determine the minimum effective amount, balancing cost and performance.

Why Purchase PAM from NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD.?

As a leading PAM manufacturer and supplier, we offer high-quality products with precise specifications to meet your water treatment needs. We provide technical support to help you select the most appropriate PAM grade for your specific application, ensuring optimal results and cost-effectiveness. Contact us for product details, pricing, and to secure a reliable supply of Polyacrylamide for your water treatment processes. Let us help you achieve superior water quality.