EDTA K2, or Dipotassium Ethylenediaminetetraacetate, is a widely recognized and essential chemical reagent in the field of medical diagnostics. Primarily utilized in blood collection tubes, this compound serves as a critical anticoagulant, ensuring the integrity of blood samples for various hematological tests. Available typically as a white crystalline powder, its high purity is paramount for reliable laboratory results.

The chemical formula for the dihydrate form, commonly encountered, is C10H16K2N2O8 • 2H2O, corresponding closely to the properties described in high-quality material with a molecular weight of approximately 404.6. This powder is highly soluble in water, with solubility often exceeding 60% (g/ml at 25ºC), forming a solution with a pH value typically ranging between 3.8 and 5.8 for a 5% aqueous solution. It exhibits a density of around 1.767-1.8 g/ml at 20ºC and remains stable under normal room temperature conditions. The odorless nature of this reagent is also a desirable trait for laboratory environments.

The fundamental mechanism by which EDTA K2 functions as an anticoagulant involves the chelation of calcium ions. Calcium is a vital cofactor in the blood coagulation cascade. By binding tightly to calcium ions within the collected blood sample, EDTA K2 effectively removes them from the solution, thereby preventing the blood from clotting. This action is reversible in vitro under specific conditions, but for routine hematological testing, the anticoagulation is considered stable within the required timeframe.

The primary application of EDTA K2 is as an additive in vacuum blood collection tubes, often identifiable by a lavender or pink stopper. Blood collected into these tubes is primarily used for complete blood count (CBC) tests and peripheral blood smears. EDTA K2 is favored for these applications because it preserves the cellular components of the blood remarkably well. It has minimal impact on the size and count of white blood cells and, importantly, exerts the least morphological effect on red blood cells compared to other EDTA salts. Furthermore, it is known to inhibit platelet aggregation, which is crucial for accurate platelet counting.

While indispensable for general hematological testing, it is important to note the specific limitations of EDTA K2 anticoagulated blood. It is not suitable for coagulation tests, as its mechanism directly interferes with the coagulation pathway. Similarly, it should not be used for the determination of calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, or certain enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, and leucine amino peptidase, as the EDTA molecule and its potassium ions can interfere with the assays for these substances. Furthermore, it is generally not recommended for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests due to potential inhibitory effects on DNA polymerase.

Proper handling and storage of EDTA K2 powder are critical to maintaining its efficacy. The powder is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air, which can affect its quality. Therefore, it must be stored in an airtight condition at normal room temperature, in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture. Direct contact with the powder should be avoided as it can be corrosive; in case of skin contact, wash thoroughly with plenty of water. If splashed into the eyes, immediate and extensive washing with water is necessary, followed by prompt medical attention.

When preparing blood samples using tubes containing EDTA K2, ensuring complete anticoagulation is key. As soon as blood is drawn into the tube, it should be gently inverted 5 to 8 times to thoroughly mix the blood with the anticoagulant. Failure to mix adequately can lead to partial clotting or microclot formation, rendering the sample unsuitable for analysis. The integrity of the sample is also time-dependent; testing is generally recommended within 24 hours of collection when stored at 23ºC, although samples for white blood cell counting may be stable for up to 48 hours at 4ºC, and platelet counts stable for 24 hours at 4ºC. Using product that shows impurities, abnormal smell, color, or significant moisture absorption is strictly forbidden, as is using turbid aqueous solutions.

For laboratories and diagnostic companies, sourcing high-quality EDTA K2 powder is a critical decision. Reliability and purity are non-negotiable. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. understands the stringent requirements of the diagnostic industry and is committed to supplying EDTA K2 powder that meets high standards. As a dedicated manufacturer and supplier of chemical reagents, we focus on consistency and quality control. Understanding the factors influencing the price of bulk chemical reagents is also important for operational efficiency. We aim to provide clear information for institutions looking to buy or purchase high-purity EDTA K2 powder for their blood collection tube manufacturing or laboratory needs, ensuring they receive a product suitable for sensitive diagnostic applications.