Haematoxylin, often referred to as Hematoxylin, is a pivotal natural compound with a rich history and profound importance in the scientific and industrial sectors. Extracted from the heartwood of the logwood tree (Haematoxylum campechianum), this compound boasts a chemical formula of C16H14O6 and a CAS Number of 517-28-2. In its pure form, Hematoxylin is a colorless, crystalline solid, though commercial samples may vary in hue depending on impurity levels. At NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., we are dedicated to providing Hematoxylin with a purity degree of 99%, ensuring superior quality and performance for various demanding applications.

While Hematoxylin itself is not the active colorant, it undergoes oxidation to form haematein, which is then responsible for its powerful staining capabilities. This oxidized form, haematein, creates intensely colored complexes when combined with specific metal ions, primarily iron(III) and aluminum(III) salts, known as mordants. This unique chemical property is fundamental to its primary application as a histological stain. The color and specificity of the stain are meticulously controlled by the nature and quantity of the mordant used, alongside the pH of the staining solution, leading to the development of numerous specialized formulations over time.

The most widespread use of Hematoxylin is in conjunction with eosin, forming the widely recognized Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining procedure. This combination is a cornerstone of diagnostic histopathology, allowing pathologists and researchers to visualize cellular details and tissue architecture with remarkable clarity. Hematoxylin acts principally as a nuclear stain, imparting a distinct dark blue to black color to cell nuclei, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and acid mucins—structures that are basophilic (basic-liking). In contrast, eosin counterstains the cytoplasm and extracellular matrix components in shades of pink or red, providing a vivid contrast essential for identifying tissue changes and pathological conditions. Beyond H&E, Hematoxylin is also a vital component of the Papanicolaou stain, extensively employed in cytology, notably for cervical cancer screening.

Hematoxylin stain formulations can be broadly categorized based on their oxidation (ripening) method and mordant choice. Oxidation can occur naturally through exposure to air and sunlight, or more commonly and efficiently, through chemical oxidizers like sodium iodate. Staining techniques can be progressive, where staining duration controls color intensity, or regressive, involving over-staining followed by a differentiation step to remove excess dye. Regardless of the method, consistent, high-quality Hematoxylin is paramount. The variability in commercial products, especially concerning impurities and the ratio of Hematoxylin to haematein, can significantly impact staining consistency. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. emphasizes stringent quality control to ensure batch-to-batch uniformity, critical for reliable diagnostic outcomes.

Historically, Hematoxylin's utility extended beyond microscopy. It was extensively used as a textile dye by ancient Mayans and Aztecs, producing vibrant blacks, blues, and purples on various fabrics. It also found application as a primary component in writing and drawing inks. Despite the advent of synthetic dyes and numerous historical shortages, Hematoxylin has maintained its irreplaceable status in histology. Attempts to find widely adopted synthetic alternatives have largely been unsuccessful, underscoring its unique chemical properties and staining characteristics that remain unmatched for diagnostic precision.

As a leading chemical manufacturer and supplier, NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to providing premium quality Hematoxylin (CAS: 517-28-2) with 99% purity. Our product is meticulously processed to meet the rigorous demands of histological and cytological laboratories worldwide, ensuring exceptional performance and reliability for your most critical research and diagnostic procedures. For those looking to buy or purchase high-grade Hematoxylin, we offer competitive price options and robust supply chain solutions. Trust NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. for your Hematoxylin needs, and experience the difference that a dedicated, high-quality manufacturer can make in your laboratory's success.