Understanding cellular function and metabolic processes is a cornerstone of modern biological and pharmaceutical research. Among the fascinating molecules currently under investigation, peptides originating from mitochondria, known as mitokines, are gaining significant attention. One such peptide is MOTS-C, which stands for Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c.

This document, prepared by NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD., provides an overview of high-purity MOTS-C powder, a critical reagent for researchers worldwide exploring its diverse biological roles and therapeutic potential.

MOTS-C: Origin and Function
MOTS-C is a small, biologically active peptide comprising 16 amino acids. Uniquely, it is encoded within the mitochondrial genome's 12S ribosomal RNA gene, making it one of the first identified peptides derived from mitochondrial DNA. This origin hints at its primary sphere of influence: mitochondrial function and energy metabolism.

Research indicates that MOTS-C plays a pivotal role in regulating metabolic homeostasis, particularly glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Studies have shown that it can improve insulin sensitivity and promote glucose uptake by skeletal muscle cells, effects reminiscent of exercise. It is believed to exert its metabolic control by influencing intracellular metabolic pathways and potentially modulating gene expression related to energy metabolism.

Beyond metabolism, MOTS-C has been implicated in cellular energy production, mitochondrial dynamics, and even age-related processes. As mitochondria are central to cellular health and decline with age, the study of mitokines like MOTS-C offers promising avenues for understanding and potentially intervening in age-associated diseases and metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and sarcopenia.

High Purity MOTS-C Powder for Research
For reliable and reproducible research outcomes, the purity and quality of the chemical reagents used are paramount. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. offers MOTS-C in a high-purity powder form, specifically ≥99% purity, suitable for demanding research applications. The chemical identity is confirmed by its CAS number 1627580-64-6, and its physical characteristics are consistent with published data, typically appearing as a white powder.

The molecular formula for MOTS-C is C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂, with a molecular weight of 2174.59. This precise chemical structure and high purity are verified through rigorous analytical methods such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), ensuring researchers receive material that meets stringent quality standards.

Availability in powder form offers flexibility for researchers to prepare solutions at desired concentrations for *in vitro* cell culture studies, *in vivo* animal models, or biochemical assays. Proper handling and storage conditions are essential to maintain the stability and activity of peptide powders, typically requiring cool, dry environments.

Research Applications and Future Directions
The research community is actively exploring the potential applications of MOTS-C across various fields. Its strong links to metabolism make it a candidate for studies related to metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and strategies for weight management. Its apparent ability to enhance exercise capacity in animal models opens research into improving physical performance and combating conditions like muscle atrophy.

Furthermore, the role of MOTS-C in mitochondrial health and its potential influence on cellular resilience suggest research avenues in the context of aging and age-related functional decline. Investigating how MOTS-C levels change with age or disease states, and how exogenous administration might impact these conditions, represents a significant area of focus.

The study of MOTS-C is still evolving, with ongoing investigations into its complete signal transduction pathways, its interactions with other cellular components, and its potential cross-talk with nuclear gene expression. Access to high-quality, pure MOTS-C powder is indispensable for driving these discoveries forward.

For researchers planning studies involving this fascinating peptide, sourcing from a reliable manufacturer or supplier is a critical initial step. The price of research peptides like high-purity MOTS-C powder can be influenced by factors such as production costs, analytical testing requirements, packaging, and quantity ordered. Researchers looking to buy or purchase this material should seek vendors who can provide comprehensive Certificates of Analysis and ensure proper handling and shipping to maintain product integrity. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is dedicated to supporting the advancement of metabolic and aging research by providing access to high-quality chemical reagents like MOTS-C powder, offering detailed product information and ensuring product quality from production to delivery for researchers worldwide.