Clean water is an indispensable resource, vital for both human health and industrial operations. However, water sources are increasingly facing contamination challenges from various pollutants, including suspended solids, organic matter, and dissolved impurities. Effective water treatment is therefore not just an option, but a necessity.

Among the array of chemicals employed in water purification, Polyaluminum Chloride, commonly known as PAC, stands out as a highly efficient and versatile coagulant. Its ability to effectively destabilize and aggregate suspended particles makes it a preferred choice in numerous water treatment processes worldwide.

Understanding Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC)

Polyaluminum Chloride is an inorganic polymer coagulant characterized by its high efficiency in removing turbidity, color, and suspended solids from water. Chemically, it is represented by the general formula [Al2(OH)nCl6-n]m, where 'n' and 'm' represent the degree of polymerization and basicity, respectively. These parameters significantly influence the PAC's performance characteristics and suitability for different water conditions.

PAC is typically available in both liquid and solid (powder) forms. The powder form is often preferred for ease of storage and transportation, while the liquid form can be convenient for direct dosing in large-scale operations. In its solid state, PAC usually appears as a yellowish powder, readily soluble in water, forming a stable solution for application.

The primary mechanism by which PAC functions is coagulation and flocculation. When added to water, PAC hydrolyzes rapidly, releasing positively charged aluminum species. These species neutralize the negative surface charges of suspended particles, such as clay, colloids, and microorganisms. This neutralization destabilizes the particles, allowing them to aggregate into larger flocs. These flocs are then easily removed from the water through sedimentation or filtration, resulting in clearer and purer water.

PAC offers several advantages over traditional coagulants like aluminum sulfate (alum) and ferric chloride. It is effective over a wider pH range, often performing well even in low-temperature water, where alum's efficiency decreases. Furthermore, PAC typically requires lower dosages, leading to less sludge production, which in turn reduces disposal costs. The flocs formed by PAC are generally denser and settle faster, enhancing the efficiency of sedimentation tanks.

Diverse Applications of PAC

The versatility of Polyaluminum Chloride extends across various applications, with water treatment being the most prominent. It is extensively used in:

1. Drinking Water Treatment: PAC is a primary coagulant for municipal water supplies. It effectively removes turbidity caused by suspended solids, sediment, and algae, as well as reducing color and organic matter, ensuring water meets potable standards.

2. Industrial Wastewater Treatment: Industrial processes often generate complex wastewater containing various pollutants. PAC is highly effective in treating wastewater from sectors such as textile dyeing, papermaking, chemical manufacturing, and food processing. It aids in the removal of dyes, inks, oils, fats, and heavy metals through coagulation and precipitation.

3. Papermaking Industry: In papermills, PAC is used not only for process water treatment but also as a retention and drainage aid. It helps retain fillers and fibers within the paper web, improving paper quality and reducing wastewater load.

4. Other Applications: Beyond water treatment, PAC finds use in precision casting as a binder, in the production of certain cosmetics, in the leather industry, and in sludge dewatering processes to improve the efficiency of solid-liquid separation.

Different grades of PAC are available, varying mainly in their aluminum oxide (Al2O3) content and basicity. High Al2O3 content and specific basicity ranges are tailored for different raw water characteristics and treatment objectives. Selecting the appropriate PAC grade is crucial for optimizing performance and achieving desired water quality.

The effectiveness of PAC is influenced by factors such as dosage, pH of the water, temperature, and the nature and concentration of pollutants. Proper jar testing and professional guidance are often necessary to determine the optimal conditions for a specific application.

For entities requiring reliable chemical inputs for water treatment or other industrial processes, securing a consistent supply of high-quality Polyaluminum Chloride is essential. Identifying a reputable PAC manufacturer or supplier involves considering factors such as product consistency, technical support, and logistical capabilities.

Understanding the typical PAC price per ton can also be a key consideration during procurement, although this can vary based on factors like the grade of PAC, order volume, packaging requirements, and current market conditions. For businesses looking to buy or purchase Polyaluminum Chloride, establishing a relationship with a trustworthy partner like NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. ensures access to quality material and expert advice, facilitating smooth and efficient operations.

In conclusion, Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) is a powerful and indispensable chemical in modern water treatment and various industrial applications. Its efficient coagulation properties contribute significantly to achieving cleaner water and more sustainable industrial practices. NINGBO INNO PHARMCHEM CO.,LTD. is committed to providing high-quality chemical solutions to meet the evolving needs of these critical sectors.