In the realm of organic chemistry and chemical manufacturing, understanding the intricate properties of key reagents and intermediates is fundamental. 2-Hydroxybenzoyl Chloride, identified by its CAS number 1441-87-8, stands out as a particularly versatile and reactive compound. Its distinct chemical structure, featuring both a hydroxyl group and an acyl chloride, makes it a highly sought-after intermediate in various synthetic pathways. For procurement specialists and research scientists, a thorough grasp of its chemical behavior and application potential is essential for successful project execution.

Unpacking the Chemical Structure and Reactivity

The molecular formula for 2-Hydroxybenzoyl Chloride is C7H5ClO2, with a molecular mass of approximately 156.57 g/mol. The compound's structure is derived from benzoic acid, with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached at the ortho (2-) position relative to the acyl chloride (-COCl) functional group. This ortho-substitution is significant; it introduces intramolecular hydrogen bonding possibilities and influences the compound's overall reactivity and physical properties. The presence of the acyl chloride group renders it highly susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This means it readily reacts with water, alcohols, and amines, often vigorously, to form carboxylic acids, esters, and amides, respectively. These reactions typically liberate hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a byproduct, underscoring the need for anhydrous conditions and appropriate safety measures during its handling and storage. This inherent reactivity is precisely what makes it a valuable tool for synthetic chemists aiming to build complex molecular architectures.

Key Physical and Chemical Properties

The physical characteristics of 2-Hydroxybenzoyl Chloride contribute to its handling and application:

• Appearance: Typically described as a colorless to pale yellow liquid, or a low-melting solid.
• Melting Point: Around 19°C, indicating it can exist in both solid and liquid states near room temperature.
• Boiling Point: Approximately 217.69°C (at standard pressure, though often reported under reduced pressure for stability).
• Density: Around 1.3112 g/cm³ (for liquid state).
• Refractive Index: Estimated around 1.5812, useful for quality control checks.

These properties guide storage, handling, and reaction condition selection. For example, its relatively low melting point suggests it should be stored in conditions that prevent premature melting if a solid state is preferred, or handled with appropriate precautions if stored as a liquid.

Applications in Synthesis and Manufacturing

The primary application of 2-Hydroxybenzoyl Chloride lies in its role as an intermediate for the synthesis of more complex organic molecules. Its ability to readily form amide and ester linkages makes it indispensable in:

• Pharmaceutical Synthesis: As a crucial pharmaceutical intermediate, it is used in the creation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). Its structure can be incorporated into molecules designed to interact with specific biological targets. When you need to buy high-quality reagents for drug development, this compound is a key consideration.
• Agrochemicals: It can serve as a precursor for certain pesticides and herbicides, contributing to crop protection solutions.
• Dyes and Pigments: Its aromatic structure and reactive group make it useful in the synthesis of specialized dyes and pigments.
• Fine Chemical Production: Beyond pharmaceuticals, it finds use in the broader fine chemical industry for creating niche compounds.

For businesses seeking to purchase this compound, understanding its chemical properties allows for more effective integration into their synthesis routes. Engaging with a reliable manufacturer or supplier that can provide consistent quality and accurate specifications is paramount. When looking for competitive pricing, consider exploring options from established chemical hubs.

In summary, the chemistry of 2-Hydroxybenzoyl Chloride (CAS 1441-87-8) is characterized by its reactive acyl chloride group and the ortho-hydroxyl substituent, making it a potent building block for a wide array of applications, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Its reliable synthesis and availability from reputable chemical manufacturers are critical for advancing scientific research and industrial production.