Chloroacetonitrile, identified by its CAS number 107-14-2, is a significant chemical compound with a distinct profile of properties that make it valuable in various industrial applications. This organic compound, with the chemical formula ClCH2CN, presents as a colorless transparent liquid. Understanding its detailed chemical and physical characteristics is fundamental for its effective and safe deployment in synthesis and manufacturing processes.

Key physicochemical properties include a molar mass of 75.50 g/mol and a melting point of 38°C, though it is typically handled as a liquid at room temperature. Its boiling point is recorded between 124-126°C, indicating its volatility. The compound's appearance as a colorless transparent liquid is a primary visual identifier.

In terms of specifications, Chloroacetonitrile is often supplied with a purity level exceeding 99.5% (Assay by GC). Other critical specifications typically include limits for water content (≤0.1%) and free acid (as HCl, ≤0.2%), along with chloroacetamide levels (≤0.2%). These parameters are crucial for ensuring the quality and suitability of the chemical for demanding applications, particularly in pharmaceutical and high-purity synthesis.

The molecular structure, ClCH2CN, reveals its nature as a nitrile derivative of acetonitrile, with a chlorine atom replacing a hydrogen. This structure contributes to its reactivity, making it a useful intermediate. The compound's CAS number, 107-14-2, serves as a unique identifier in chemical databases and regulatory contexts.

When it comes to packaging and storage, Chloroacetonitrile is typically housed in 200kg net drums, emphasizing its role in industrial supply chains. Storage recommendations emphasize keeping it in a well-ventilated area and maintaining cool temperatures to ensure stability and safety. Its classification as a flammable liquid (Flash Point: 118°F) and its toxic nature require careful adherence to safety protocols throughout its lifecycle, from transport to use.

The chemical profile of Chloroacetonitrile highlights its importance as a versatile intermediate. Its precise specifications, combined with a thorough understanding of its properties, enable chemists and manufacturers to utilize it effectively in the synthesis of complex organic molecules, contributing to advancements in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialized chemical products.